Preface

Highway plans must ultimately satisfy many needs. In addition to the obvious needs of contractors who build the project, plans must serve the needs of designers, project engineers and inspectors, reviewers, and other interested parties. These plans become a part of the construction agreement and serve as an historic record. Since highway plans incorporate the expertise of many specialty governmental units, organizations and personnel, various reviews are necessary throughout the plan preparation process. Application


Introduction
The purpose of a set of construction plans is to delineate the proposed work with sufficient design details, supplemented with notes, calculations and summaries of quantities, in such a manner that it can be clearly and uniformly interpreted by engineers and contractors. Sufficient data must be provided to enable the contractor to make an intelligent bid and perform the work as intended. Clarity, completeness and conciseness are essential so as to avoid misinterpretation. Unnecessary details should be avoided.

Unit of Measure
Plans shall be prepared using the English system of units.

Plan Sheet Materials and File Format
With the exception of some local-let projects, plans shall be submitted in a PDF electronic image format.
Text-based documents should be provided in searchable PDF files.
Some external agencies do not allow submission of electronic images as final documents. In instances where hard copy (i.e., paper) documents are required, the District Planning and Engineering Administrator will determine whether the hard copy document will be created by the District or by the consultant. The requirement to produce hard copy documents shall be included in the Scope of Services document.

Plan Sheet Dimensions
All plan sheets, including plans prepared by sub-consultants (e.g., soil boring sheets), shall be the same size and format. With the exception of SPEDuP plans, electronic image files shall be formatted to be 22 inches by 34 inches and shall be capable of being bound and punched when printed as shown in Figure  1201-1.
Simplified plans shall be formatted to quarter size (11 inches by 17 inches).
SPEDuP plans shall be formatted to be letter size (8 ½ inches by 11 inches). See Location and Design Manual, Sections 1301.3 and 1316 for additional information on SPEDuP plan requirements. validation initials, plan scales and a north arrow. Title blocks are not required for SPEDuP plans.

Sheet Numbers
Sheet numbers are shown in the split circle in the lower right corner of the sheet. The number at the top of the circle is the actual sheet number, in consecutive order, and the bottom number is the total number of sheets in the plan based on the last actual sheet number. Sheets that require supplemental sheet numbers (e.g., structure plans and right-of-way plans) may be grouped within the plan. Sheet numbers on SPEDuP plans shall be located in the lower right of the page footer, using the PAGE X of XX format. NOTE: SPEDuP plans will become obsolete at the end of the Fiscal Year 2020 and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, please contact the Office of Estimating directly.
Occasionally, sheets may need to be inserted into a set of plans that has already been numbered. These sheets should be labeled with the number of the preceding sheet, followed by consecutive letters (e.g., 26A, 26B…26Z) and then by consecutive double letters (e.g., 26AA, 26BB…26ZZ). This will permit the insertion of up to 52 additional sheets. The bottom number in the split circle will still be the number of the last sheet. The last sheet shall not be labeled with a number/letter combination. If a significant number of sheets need to be inserted or added to a set of plans, consideration should be given to renumbering the entire set.

Project Designation
The project designation is normally the county code, route number, and section number as shown in the plan title on the Title Sheet (Section 1302). When multiple section numbers are involved and space in the title block does not permit a complete listing, the county, all route numbers, and the first section number followed by the words "and various" should be shown.

Sheet Title
The sheet title should include: the general plan sheet description (e.g., Schematic Plan, General Summary, Plan and Profile, Cross-Sections, etc.), the applicable roadway, if not obvious (e.g., U.S. 35, S.R. 315, Ramp A, Main Street, Connecting Road, etc.) and the applicable station limits.

Quantity Validation
Where sheets include quantities, space should be provided for the date and initials of the individuals who calculated and checked the quantities.

Plan Scales
A bar scale should be shown whenever a plan view is required. Bar scales are not normally required in the vertical dimension on profiles or for cross-sections, since these should be adequately labeled.
If the plan sheet requires more than one scale, bar scales should be shown on the plan and the words "See Details" shown in the title block.

North Arrow
A north arrow should be shown as accurately as possible (usually +/-5°) whenever a plan view is required. If the plan sheet contains more than one plan view, no north arrow should be shown in the title block.

Additional Requirements
The Bridge Design Manual, Section 100 and the Real Estate Policies and Procedures Manual, Section 3100 contain additional requirements for bridge and right-of-way plan sheets, respectively.

General
The title block on the Title Sheet is unlike the title block on other plan sheets, in that it includes spaces for Railroad Involvement, the Construction Project Number, the Project Identification (PID) Number and the Federal Project Number. Formal Title blocks are not required for SPEDuP plans, but items as described in Sections 1201.6.2, 1201.6.3, 1201.6.4, and 1201.6.5 shall be shown on the SPEDuP Title sheet [SP 1302-8]. NOTE: SPEDuP plans will become obsolete at the end of the Fiscal Year 2020 and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, please contact the Office of Estimating directly.

Railroad Involvement
The names of all railroads involved in the project must be entered in the space provided on the title sheet. If there is no railroad involvement, this should be indicated by entering the word "NONE" in this space.

Construction Project Number
The construction project number is added to the title sheet by the Office of Contracts prior to the letting date.

PID Number
Each project is assigned a unique Project Identification (PID) Number when it is entered into Ellis. This number should be shown in the proper space on the title sheet. On occasion, this number may change during project development. The plan, file names and directory structure should always reflect the latest number, with former numbers noted on the Title Sheet.

Federal Project Number
The Federal Project Number should be entered in the appropriate box on the title sheet. If the project has no federal participation, the words "Non-Federal" should be entered in this space.

Plan Scales
The designer should prepare plans keeping in mind that a 22 inch by 34 inch full-size plan sheet may be reproduced to a 11 inch by 17 inch print.

SECTION 1200
Plan Preparation 12-6 January 2020 Scales that are multiples of ten of the above scales may be used (e.g., 1:2000 is a multiple of 1:200). If it is believed that a better product will result, other scales may be used. The intent should always be to clearly and adequately show the work to be performed, keeping in mind that the plans used during construction could be reduced to one-half the original scale (e.g., 1:20 full size prints become 1:40 quarter size prints).

Lettering
Fancy lettering should not be used. Lettering should be oriented in such a manner that it can be read from either the bottom or right side of the plan sheet. The minimum text size is 0.14 inches. The lettering in SPEDuP plans shall be Arial Bold, with a minimum font size of 10. NOTE: SPEDuP plans will become obsolete at the end of the Fiscal Year 2020 and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, please contact the Office of Estimating directly.

Cross-Section Grids
Acceptable grid systems for cross-sections and profiles are shown in Figure 1202-1. Letters and lines should be bolder when they are superimposed over cross-section grids.

Drafting Conventions
The following sections present the preferred standard drafting guidelines for roadway construction plans. Standard drafting symbols are available from the Office of CADD and Mapping Services, CADD Services website.

Text Orientation
Text on inclined lines should be orientated as shown.

Placement of Leaders from Notes
A leader line should originate from the first line on the left, the last line on the right, or from a vertical bar on either side, as shown. The leader should generally be an inclined straight line, if possible, except for the short horizontal shoulder extending from mid-height of the lettering at the beginning or end of a note.
Where space prohibits the use of straight leader lines, curved leaders may be used. Curves should be smooth and simple, beginning with a short, horizontal, shoulder extending from mid-height of the lettering.

Placement of Leaders to, or from, a Circular Object
A leader to, or from, a circular object should extend radially, so that if extended it would pass through the center of the circle.

Terminators
Leaders should terminate with an arrowhead when pointing to an object or to an edge, and should terminate as shown when pointing to a surface or layer.

Placement of Balloons
Balloons on typical sections should be aligned as much as possible, rather than placed randomly around the section. The leader lines extending from the bubbles to pavement layers should be vertical, where possible. Other items, such as guardrail and underdrains may be labeled with straight, inclined, leaders. All leaders should end with a terminator.

Sheet Notes, Charts, and Summary Sheets
Groups of sheet notes shall be left justified. Right justification is optional.
Text in charts should be placed slightly above the lines (never directly on the line) to improve readability. It is recommended to leave an empty line at the beginning and end of the chart and between every fifth item to accommodate future additions.
Numbers with decimals in a chart should be aligned in columns along the decimal point. Integer values should be either right justified or centered in columns.

Overdrafting
It is preferable to place dimensions outside areas which contain cross-hatching and other line work. Where this is not possible, the cross-hatching, or line work, should be broken around the text. Hatch lines should never cross through text, however, certain critical line work elements, such as centerlines may pass through text.

Horizontal Curve Data
The curve data should be shown on the inside of the specified curve and between the PC and PT, where possible. As shown, it is permissible to jog the lines for the PC and PT provided the initial portions of the lines extending from the curve are along the correct radius.
When space prohibits or when an alignment has a large number of horizontal curves, label each curve and tabulate the curve data. If it is necessary to tabulate curve data for a few curves along an alignment, then all curves should be tabulated to provide consistency.

Computer-Aided Drafting and Design (CADD)
ODOT customizations and standards for CADD software are available from the Office of CADD

Standard Construction Drawings
Standard Construction Drawings are an integral part of the contract plans. They are used to show repetitive details such as: manholes, curbs, guardrail, and pavement joints. When referenced in the plans, these drawings, and their associated revision dates, must be listed on the Title Sheet.

Plan Insert Sheets
Plan Insert Sheets are similar to Standard Construction Drawings but differ in the manner in which they are included in the plans. They often cover the design of standard items that are in the development stage. Plan Insert Sheets are included with the original set of construction plans. When included in a set of construction plans, project specific information must be added to these sheets.

Introduction
Plan development relies on standards and guidelines to provide clear, concise, and accurate construction documents. Detailed construction plans include illustrations of proposed work, plan notes, specifications, and quantities enabling contractors to bid and execute an ODOT project. Section 1300 has been developed to provide general guidelines under which to develop ODOT construction plans.
Section 1300 combines many components of final plan development and outlines the content required in each plan set. The subsections listed within this document are intended to provide details related to plan format and not design standards. ODOT maintains specific manuals related to design standards (i.e. Bridge Design Manual, Location and Design Manual, Volume 1, Traffic Engineering Manual, etc.) which establish design criteria required for the facility.
Section 1300 includes references to figures and Sample Plans. The figures are tables, and diagrams, presenting plan sheet requirements and are referenced with bold text. The following is an example:

Standard Plans
Standard highway plans are made up of several components. Most of these components are discussed in detail in this section. Except for very complex projects, seldom will all components be required in a plan. However, when they are required, they should be placed in the order indicated below:

Simplified Plans
Simplified Plans are appropriate when the proposed work is simple and straightforward. Some examples include: guardrail upgrading, pavement marking, herbicidal spraying, mowing, fencing, and resurfacing projects.
Simplified plans contain only the information necessary to minimally describe the type and location of the work. Typically, such plans consist of the following components: • Simplified plans may be used provided they give sufficient information to adequately describe the work so that a contractor can properly bid and construct the project. In some cases, this information can be presented entirely in written format, without the use of drawings. See Section 1315 for additional information regarding simplified plan content.

SPEDuP (Simplified Plan -Expedited Delivery Project) Plans
(IMPORTANT NOTE: SPEDuP plans will become obsolete at the end of Fiscal Year 2020 and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, contact the Office of Estimating directly.) Simplified Plan Expedited Delivery Projects (SPEDuP) are considered to be fairly straight forward, with minimal design needed, no Federal funding, no right-of-way issues, no utility impacts, and no environmental impacts. The SPEDuP program expedites the delivery of these routine maintenance-type projects, while providing a reliable product for construction personnel.
SPEDuP plans are required when the proposed project meets the following criteria:

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-9 SPEDuP plans are NOT permitted when the proposed project involves any of the following: • SPEDuP plans must provide sufficient information necessary to minimally describe the type and location of the work. This information may be presented entirely in written format, without the use of drawings. Typically, such plans consist of the following components: •

Order of Precedence
As defined in the Construction and Materials Specifications, the order of precedence for all contract documents is:

General
The title sheet serves as a preface for the remainder of the construction plan. It gives a brief description and the length of the project, shows the general location of the project, sets up the specifications under which the project is to be built, states whether traffic is to be maintained or detoured, lists earth disturbed areas, gives an index of all sheets in the plan (except for SPEDuP Plans [SP 1302-8]), lists standard construction drawings, supplemental specifications, and special provisions, and contains the signature of approval by the proper officials.
Simplified Plan Expedited Delivery Projects (SPEDuP) have a more streamlined format than traditional plans. Therefore, the title sheet for a SPEDuP plan will not require the same amount of information as

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-10 a traditional plan. For more information on SPEDuP plans, see Section 1316.2.1 -SPEDuP Plan Sheet Templates.
IMPORTANT NOTE: SPEDuP plans will become obsolete at the end of Fiscal Year 2020 and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, contact the Office of Estimating directly.
The information to be included on the Title Sheet is discussed in the following sections.

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-11 The route number is identical to the actual route number assigned to the highway on which the improvement is located. The section number is the straight-line mileage (SLM) at the point where the project begins, measured from the county line in miles from west to east for east-west routes or from south to north for north-south routes, as the route is viewed across the entire state.
Listed below are several special conditions which may be encountered in determining a project designation for a project on the State system.

County Line Located on Project Centerline
The county code letters should be in accordance with the predetermined straight-line mileage assignment as listed in the Straight-Line Diagrams. Intersecting Routes -A separate project designation is not required when other routes intersect the proposed improvement (junction or grade separation) unless it is determined that the intersecting route will have different funding than the principal route.

District-Wide Projects
District-wide projects are defined as projects which involve work in three or more counties within the District. The project designation for a District-Wide project is as follows: District Identifier -Project Type -Fiscal Year. Following is an example project designation for a district-wide pavement marking plan, in District 4, that is scheduled to be awarded in the fiscal year 2016.

D04-PM-FY2016
There may be a need to have multiple projects of the same project type, in the same district, in one fiscal year. If this is the case, the project designation is as follows:

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-13 The following is a list of project types. Contact the Office of CADD and Mapping Services if another project type is needed.

Statewide Projects
Statewide projects should use the same project designation as District-Wide projects, except the District Identifier is replaced with STW (Statewide). For example: STW-ITS-FY2017.

Political Subdivisions
Whenever any work is located within a political subdivision, it is necessary to include the name of the subdivision. If the improvement is located entirely within the corporate limits of a city or village, the township name is omitted. The order of political subdivisions, from top to bottom is: city, village, township, and county. If the work limits extend into an adjoining county, the county is shown in parentheses. The following example shows how a title would read when portions of the improvement are located within several political subdivisions and the work limits extend into the adjoining county.

Railroads
When the improvement involves a railroad separation, the involvement must be indicated by a subtitle under the project designation [SP 1302-3].
Grade Crossing Elimination -When an existing railroad grade crossing is to be eliminated by constructing a separation or relocating the highway, the following subtitle should be used: GRADE CROSSING ELIMINATION WITH THE ____________ RAILROAD Separation Constructed Without Elimination -When the highway is to be separated from a railroad and the existing railroad grade crossing is not eliminated, use the following subtitle:

GRADE SEPARATION WITH THE RAILROAD
Existing Separation Rebuilt -When an existing separated crossing is to be rebuilt, the subtitle should read:

RECONSTRUCTION OF EXISTING SEPARATED CROSSING WITH THE RAILROAD
Projects which include grade separations or any other railroad involvement, should list the railroad company's name in the Railroad Involvement portion of the title block.
It should be noted that some companies are incorporated as railroads and some as railways. Verify the proper name is placed on the title sheet.

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Title Block
See Section 1201.5 for required title block information. The Construction Project Number will be filled in during final plan processing. For projects that do not use federal funds list "Non-Federal" in the Federal Project Number block. For projects without Railroad Involvement list "None" in the Railroad Involvement block.

Design Designation
The Design Designation is an expression of the basic factors that control the design of the highway. It may be included in the plan for any type of construction project, but it is required on any improvement having pavement work or geometric changes.

Design Exceptions
Design Exceptions are required as specified in Location and Design Manual, Volume 1, Section 105.
The difference between the actual design and the normal design criteria must be clearly denoted on the appropriate plan sheet in the construction plans.
Design exceptions should be shown on the plan sheets in accordance with the guidelines on Figure 1302

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Index of Sheets
The Index of Sheets serves as the table of contents for the entire set of plans. Soil profile and structure foundation sheets should appear in the index without sheet numbers. Geotechnical data from geotechnical reports may be included as special provisions on 8 ½ "x 11" sheets.
Since sheets are often added, deleted or rearranged during plan development, the final sheet numbering is usually deferred until the Stage 3 Review. To assist the reviewer in describing the location of review comments, sheets should be designated with numerical or alphabetical characters for each review submission.
As a last resort, sheets may be inserted into the plan by alphabetizing (Example: 88A, 88B, 88C, etc. It is extremely important that the Index of Sheets agrees exactly with the plan sheet numbering system, to ensure that the plan is complete.
An Index of Sheets may be omitted from a SPEDuP plan. If utilized, it shall be located on page 2 of the plan set. IMPORTANT NOTE: SPEDuP plans will become obsolete at the end of Fiscal Year 2020 and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, contact the Office of Estimating directly.

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Design Firm Information
The name and address of the firm preparing the plan shall be shown [SP 1302-1 through 1302-8].

Underground Utilities Note
The "Before You Dig" warning note must be shown on the Title Sheet for all plans. The note is shown below and on the Sample Plan sheets [SP 1302-1 through 1302-8].

Location Map
The Location Map [SP 1302-1 through 1302-8] shows the general area in which the project is located and the project limits. The map should be approximately 7" x 7", for a full-size plan, and 3 ¼ " x 3 ¼ ", for a simplified plan or a SPEDuP plan, with North pointing toward the top of the sheet. A scale of 1" = 1 mile is often used; however, the map scale shall be such that the limits of the project are clearly identified and the lettering clearly legible on an 11"x17" reduced set of plans.
The Location Map shall contain sufficient information to clearly show the location of the improvement with respect to: federal, state, county and township roads; identifiable streets in urban areas; villages, cities, townships and counties; and rivers and creeks. ODOT maintains an application for use when placing location maps. The application is available for download from the ODOT CADD Services web site. The latitude and longitude shall be provided for all projects, shall be measured to the center of the project, and shall be accurate to the nearest 5 seconds of a degree. These geographic references are not only used to locate a project but are also used in the computer analysis of bid data, and in estimating software. Therefore, the latitude and longitude values must be presented accurately, because this information will affect the reliability of the results obtained by these applications.
On multiple segment contracts, the latitude and longitude used shall be the approximate center of the segments of work. The approximate center can be established by visual inspection.

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-19 On district-wide contracts, the latitude and longitude used shall be the locations in the following

Special Provisions
When a special provision is needed for a project, the title and date of the special provision shall be listed on the Title Sheet Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-20

Project Description
The Project Description consists of a brief note describing the primary purpose of the improvement and the project's length.
The project's length is the total distance between the Begin and End project points, adjusted for suspensions and station equations, and measured along the centerline of construction. It is calculated to the nearest hundredth of a mile. In addition, the Project Description should describe other incidental construction. Incidental construction may include the following items (unless they are included in the primary construction): bridge work, interchanges, major connecting roads, lighting, traffic control, etc. The descriptions should use words and phrases such as: resurfacing of, widening and resurfacing of, reconstruction of, relocation of, construction of, rehabilitation of, replacement of, etc.

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-22 For non-routine maintenance projects involving some earthwork, but less than one acre of total earth disturbing activity (EDA) (e.g., small bridge replacement), provide the estimated Project and Contractor EDA, but indicate that a Notice of Intent (NOI) is not required. Use the approach shown in the following example description:

Specifications
The following note shall be used to indicate the publication date of the Construction and Material Specifications used on the project. The current specification revision year shall be used. Plan details and pay items must be modified to reflect the specification year used.

Maintenance of Traffic Endorsement
All contract plans are to be endorsed. One of the notes below shall be used on the Title Sheet, as appropriate. It may be necessary to alter these notes to some degree so that the intent clearly and accurately reflects the project conditions. [SP 1302-5]

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Plan Signatures
Approval spaces shall be provided for the following:

Combined Plans
When construction plans for two or more projects are combined to be sold as one construction project, the following Title Sheet [SP 1302-6(a), SP 1302-6(b)] changes should be made: • Add "Part 1" after the project designation on the first title sheet. Add "Part 2", "Part 3", etc. to each succeeding plan title sheet.
• Cross reference all parts on all title sheets. For example, on the first title sheet for a three part project, add "For Part 2 see " and "For Part 3 see ." • Expand the Standard Construction Drawings, Supplemental Specification and Special Provisions lists on the Part 1 title sheet to include those required for all parts. Remove Standard Construction Drawing, Supplemental Specification and Special Provisions lists from all subsequent title sheets and add a cross-reference to Part 1.
In addition to the above title sheet changes, the type of Field Office specified in each plan should be adjusted to provide for the combined construction costs; and, the maintenance of traffic should be coordinated for all parts.
During the design phase of a project that will use Combined Plans, two or more separate PIDs may be established to reference each Part of the project. However, the construction contract must utilize only one PID. Update Ellis to provide cross-references that correlate the design phase and construction PIDs.
Items 614, 619, 623, and 624 should be provided on all parts where they are applicable.

General
The purpose of a Schematic Plan [SP 1303-1] is to show the geometric location of proposed roadway segments in relation to existing roadway segments and other features. All projects shall include a Schematic Plan unless the project is short enough to be shown entirely on less than four Plan & Profile sheets.
Schematic Plans are normally prepared to a scale of 1"=100', 1"=200', or 1"=400'. It is preferable to limit the Schematic Plan to one sheet. The scale shall be shown in bar format.
Many of the features included on a Schematic Plan are discussed in the following sections. Other features may be added, as necessary, to provide a clearer picture of the proposed improvement and its relationship to existing facilities.

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Reference Lines
All reference lines should be clearly shown on the Schematic Plan [SP 1303-1]. These include the centerline of construction, baselines of ramps, directional roadways and other similar facilities. The centerline of construction and centerline of Right-of-Way should normally be the same. When they differ, their relationship to each other must be shown in the plan. Typically, the relationship is only shown on the Right-of-Way plan sheets.
With modern survey technology, topographic surveys are no longer completed based on a centerline of survey. Consequently, survey centerlines are a misnomer and should not be shown.
The intersection angle, as well as the intersecting stations, should be shown for all intersecting roadways. It may be more convenient to show this information on an intersection detail.

Stationing
In general, tick marks shall be shown at full stations (100 ft. intervals) along the center and base reference lines. The centerline stationing on a project should reflect the straight-line mileage shown on the "section" (County-Route-Section). Centerline stationing may also be established based on existing monumentation, bridges and prior projects. Stationing shall increase in the direction of the straight-line mileage.
The Schematic Plan should generally be oriented in such a manner that the stationing on the mainline will increase from left to right, regardless of the north direction [SP 1303-2].
Ramp stationing should be a continuation of mainline stationing from the exit or entrance nose, and should increase or decrease along the ramp as it does along the mainline. In general, it is not desirable to use ramp stations in the terminal area, as the required pavement slopes and transitions can be laid out using the mainline stations.
Station equations, if necessary, are to be indicated on the reference line by stating the station back and station ahead [SP 1303-3].
If the basis for centerline stationing is unclear or there is a lack of monumentation, structures or prior project stationing documentation, the designer establishing the centerline stationing shall coordinate with the District Survey Section and/or District Real Estate Section to determine the appropriate basis for centerline stationing.

Bearings
Bearings shall be shown for the tangent sections of all reference lines.

Horizontal Curve Data
Horizontal curve data, and deflections without curves, for all existing and proposed alignments must be shown on the Schematic Plan. Figures 1303-1 through 1303-3 show elements and data for simple curves, spiral curves, and for when combining spirals between two simple curves. Curve data (except angles) should be shown to two decimal place accuracy. Deflections without curves are identified as follows:

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NO CURVE
Use "emax = NC" to indicate that normal crown is provided.

Project Limits
Project limits are points on the mainline centerline of construction where the proposed improvement, as described in the project description on the Title Sheet (excluding incidental construction), begins and ends. Project limits are generally defined as the beginning/ending of proposed full-depth, full-width pavement. Incidental construction includes all work required to complete a project in addition to the primary purpose for the improvement. Work such as pavement feathering and tapering, traffic control devices, drainage, guardrail, drives, side roads, service roads, etc. may be considered as incidental construction and not be included in the project limits.
Where the primary work on the mainline is suspended for a substantial distance, suspend and resume project points must also be shown.

Work Limits
Work Limits are the extreme limits of the contractor's responsibility on a project, including all temporary and incidental construction, with the exception of work zone traffic control devices required for maintenance of traffic. Work Limit stations are shown along the centerline of construction of the mainline facility and along the centerline of all side roads, cross roads, and other construction generally running perpendicular to the project or separated from the project.

Federal Project Flags
Federal Project Flags, including Federal Project numbers, should be placed at the project limits [SP 1303-2]. The flags should always point toward the project. If more than one Federal number is used, the limits of each Federal number should be shown, again pointing to the portion of the project to which it applies.

Political Boundaries
All county, township, corporation limits, and other political boundaries shall be labeled. The station where these boundaries intersect the centerline of construction shall be shown. When the political boundary is located along the centerline, stationing shall be shown at the points where the political boundary meets and leaves the centerline.

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Waterways
All waterways (lakes, rivers, streams, jurisdictional ditches, creeks, ponds, etc.), crossing or adjacent to the proposed improvement, shall be shown, labeled, and the direction of flow shall be indicated. This includes any relocated waterways. See Office of Environmental Services' Waterway Permits Manual for more information on waterways.

Bridges
All bridges, existing and proposed, shall be shown at their appropriate location and identified by their structure number, including left and right notation.

Roads for Maintaining Traffic
The location of all roads for maintaining traffic located on an independent alignment shall be shown. Roads for maintaining traffic may be shown using centerline only.

Railroads
All railroads in the vicinity of the proposed improvement shall be shown. If a railroad intersects the highway, the station shall be indicated.

Utility Lines
High voltage power lines and other major overhead utilities shall be shown. High pressure underground utility lines shall also be shown. Include size/voltage and ownership for these lines [SP 1303-3].

Pipelines
All major pipelines shall be located and shown.

Service/Public Roads
All existing and proposed service roads and other public roads shall be shown and identified by the name and number.

Culverts and Sewers
All existing and proposed culverts shall be shown at their appropriate location and the size indicated. Include flow arrows showing direction of flow in the culvert. List the structure number for any structure on the State/Federal system having a span greater than or equal to 10 feet.
Outfall sewers shall be shown.
Drive pipes do not need to be shown.

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Landscaped Areas
All existing and proposed landscaped areas should be shown. If no landscaped areas exist, then include the phrase "There are no existing landscaped areas within the work limits."

Participation Splits
All participation split locations shall be shown. Participation splits are necessary when portions of the project are financed under different Federal Project Numbers, are split by municipal corporation lines, or there are areas to be paid for by only one agency.

Contractor's Use of ODOT Right-of-Way
On large projects it may be economical for the Department to permit the contractor to use ODOT property to dispose of waste material and construction debris, excavate borrow material or place a portable plant.
These areas should be checked to ensure that their use is in keeping with all design criteria, environmental regulations and public involvement commitments. When evaluating an area for waste material, the designer should consider future widening and the location of underground utilities.
Areas where the above activities are permissible should be identified in the plans (i.e., on the schematic plan, on the plan and profile sheets, on the cross-sections, in a plan note). Grading restrictions should be identified on the cross sections or specified in the General Notes. Unless additional requirements are provided in the plans, there are no limits on the type of waste material that can be used (e.g., plant material, stumps, etc.). The plan should show whether environmental and/or FEMA permits have been obtained or if the contractor is required to obtain them.

Wetlands
All existing wetlands within 100 feet of the proposed construction limits shall be shown and labeled.
Wetlands are located and delineated as per the Office of Environmental Services Ecological Manual. Mainline, ramp and other roadway typical sections should be grouped together.

Project Control and Reference Points
Most of the features included in the Typical Sections are discussed in the following sections. Other features may be necessary to cover special circumstances. Examples are included in the Sample Plan Sheets.

Typical Section Type and Limits
Unless they have identical typical sections, separate sections must be shown for the mainline, side roads, crossroads, ramps, and other roadways involving paving or earthwork. The typical section of the adjoining pavement including type, thickness, and cross slopes of all pavement courses should be provided.
Sections should be shown for each roadway when: the pavement build-up changes, the type of median changes, guardrail and concrete barriers begin or end, lanes are added or dropped (minimum and maximum limits are sufficient), and in superelevated areas. Separate sections and lane widths are not required for intersections.
Varying pavement widths in intersection return areas should also be disregarded. A reference to the sheet containing the intersection detail may be added, if necessary. Each section must be adequately labeled to indicate if it is a normal or superelevated section and the roadway and station limits where it applies. Partial sections may be applicable for: changes in treated shoulder build-up; shoulder slope changes in superelevated sections; cut and fill slopes; and other similar situations.
Special sections may be required for speed change lanes, approach slabs, linear grading, etc. Typical sections should also be shown where pavement composition is adjusted over culverts with shallow fill.
Under each section, the station limits where the typical section is applicable shall be indicated. Calculation of the lengths where these typicals apply is not necessary.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-30 Limiting stations for side road typical sections shall break at the side road stations of the extended mainline edges of pavement.

Reference Line Location
The location of the centerline or baseline of construction must be shown on each typical section.

Rounding
Rounding of slopes shall be shown on each typical section where applicable.

Profile Grade Point
The location of the profile grade elevation (normally the crown point) shall be noted on each typical section. Its location should be clearly identified. On a divided highway the profile grade for both sides shall be shown. When the crown-line and profile-grade line are not the same [SP 1304-5], their relationship to each other must be shown.

Dimensions
Items on each typical section shall be dimensioned. All dimensions must be shown either in a vertical or horizontal plane. None are to be measured along slope lines. When referring to items detailed in the Standard Construction Drawings, dimensions may be omitted.
If a dimension varies within the limits of a typical section, it should be noted as "varies", the maximum and minimum dimensions within the limits shall be identified. The limits shall be clearly shown; either on the Typical Section, the Plan and Profile Sheet, or other appropriate detail sheet.
Vertical dimensions include: pavement course thicknesses, edge thicknesses, underdrain depths, ditch depths, etc. Where variations in a pavement course thickness are proposed, the typical section should show the thickness as "varies" and the variations shown in tabular form. Vertical dimensions shall normally be in inches.
Horizontal dimensions include: widths of pavement, graded shoulders, treated shoulders, steps at edges of pavements, ditches, sidewalks, approach slabs, rounding, pavement widening, medians, barrier offsets, etc. On projects with multilane configurations or curbed shoulders, the lane locations and widths should be shown. Variations in horizontal dimensions due to intersections, etc. should not be included in the typical section. They should be clearly shown on the pertinent plan detail sheets. Horizontal dimensions shall normally be in tenths of a foot.

Pavement and Shoulder Cross-Slopes
The shape of the finished surface of the pavement and shoulders should be shown on each typical section by indicating the direction (by an arrow pointing downslope) and the rate of slope. Cross-slopes on pavements and shoulders are to be expressed in dimensionless, vertical-to-horizontal ratios, in decimal form (e.g. 0.01, 0.016, 0.08, etc.).

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Subsurface Drainage
The location of pipe underdrains, aggregate drains, etc. should be shown on each typical section. Include slopes for aggregate drains. See the Pavement Design Manual, Section 205 -Subsurface Pavement Drainage for guidance.

Pavement Build-up
Pavement and treated shoulder build-ups and course steps shall be clearly indicated on each typical section. This includes such items as: surface, base and subbase courses; curb, curb and gutter; saw cuts; depth of planing; pavement for maintaining traffic to remain, etc.
Step details may be needed to adequately show pavement "steps" as per the Pavement Design Manual.

Foreslopes and Backslopes
If the limiting stations of a typical section include both cuts and fills, examples of each should be shown. Cut and fill foreslope and backslope rates shall be indicated as 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, (horizontal: vertical) etc. Percentages should not be used. Guardrail offset locations shall also be shown, where applicable.

Legend
The legend is required to describe the pay items used in the Typical Sections and the build-up of the existing pavement. It may be shown on only the first Typical Section sheet with a cross-reference shown on each succeeding sheet.
Numbered or lettered balloons are used to tie the legend to the drawings. Proposed items are to be differentiated from existing by using numbers for proposed and letters for existing. In addition, dashed balloons may be used to show existing items. Balloon references should be consistent throughout the typical section sheets.
The legend for proposed items shall include the specification number and the exact pay item description, as listed in the ODOT Item Master. The legend for existing items should never include a specification number, but should describe the item in more generic terms such as: Asphalt Concrete, Reinforced Concrete, or Subbase. The approximate existing depth (+/-) should be listed.

Longitudinal Joints
For rigid pavements, the location and type of all longitudinal joints should be indicated on each typical section [SP 1304-3].

Approach Slabs
Although approach slabs are paid for as structure items, base pavement, cross slopes, etc. must be shown on the typical sections.

Warranty Pavement
When warranty pavement is included in a project, show the total thickness of the pavement along with an assumed configuration.

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Subgrade Treatment
Subgrade treatments such as lime stabilization, cement stabilization or undercuts are to be shown on the typical sections and the cross sections.

General
The General Notes contain those plan notes required to clarify construction items that are not satisfactorily covered by the specifications or plan details. They are also used to modify the Standard Construction Drawings. All pay items that are "As Per Plan" or "Item Special" require a plan note, a special detail, or both.
On small projects, the General Note Sheets will include the majority of all plan notes for the project.

Sample Plan Notes
Sample Plan Notes for environmental, pavements and general project information are found in Appendix B. Sample Plan Notes for other project issues such as bridges, guardrail, traffic control and maintenance of traffic are available from the responsible ODOT unit (Offices of Structural Engineering, Roadway Engineering, Traffic Operations, etc.). Each general note is accompanied by a designer note which provides guidance on when to specify the note, as well as details on how the note may need to be customized to address project specific issues.
The ODOT Office of CADD and Mapping Services, CADD Services Section maintains a plan note application available for download from the CADD web page. The application assists with plan note placement in MicroStation files.

Special Provisions
Special Provisions are notes and/or specifications developed for a project that are not related to standard ODOT Construction and Material Specifications. Ordinarily, these notes should be included in the General Notes. However, when these notes would take up a significant number of plan sheets, the designer may opt to include them with the plan as Special Provisions produced on 8-1/2" x 11" sheets.

Maintenance of Traffic Plan Contents
Probably the least complicated plans for maintaining traffic result when through traffic is detoured during the entire construction period. In such cases, the detour route is shown on the Title Sheet When traffic is maintained during construction, the plan will normally require a number of notes along with several details. The following is a list of some of the details that may be required: •
• Section details for maintaining traffic, showing: existing pavement widths, pavement for maintaining traffic widths (including guardrail offset and grading), lateral construction limits, placement of channeling devices (barriers, drums, etc.) and work zone lane widths.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-34 The Traffic Engineering Manual provides guidance on how to maintain traffic during construction and gives specific details on what is required on maintenance of traffic sheets.
For additional information regarding Maintenance of Traffic, contact the Office of Roadway Engineering.

Roads and Pavements for Maintaining Traffic
A temporary road is a road whose sole purpose is to temporarily maintain traffic during construction, after which it is normally removed. When the earthwork required to maintain traffic is relatively small, a plan note can be used to indicate that the earthwork required to construct the temporary road will be included as part of Item 615, Pavement for Maintaining Traffic, As Per Plan and not paid for separately under Item 615, Roads for Maintaining Traffic. SP 1306-4(a) shows an example of when it may be beneficial to combine the two quantities.
Item 615, Pavement for Maintaining Traffic should not be confused with items such as 410, 441, and 616 which may also be included in the plans to be used for maintenance of traffic. Nor should it be confused with the pavement quantities listed in the Local Alternate Detour note.

General
Quantities shall be calculated and presented in the plan in such a manner that they may be traced from the General Summary sheet to their origin through a system of cross-referencing. Sample Plan sheets SP1307-1 through 1307-6 provide examples of Subsummary and General Summary formats.
The General Summary for all projects is required to be in an Excel format using the standard spreadsheet, CTY-PID-GENSUM.xlsm, available on the CADD Services' external webpage and on the Office of Estimating's website. This excel spreadsheet is used to transfer all plan quantities directly into the

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-35 Office of Estimating's AASHTOWare software. More information on the use of the spreadsheet can be found on the Office of Estimating's website, and in Section 502.1 of the ODOT CADD Engineering Standards Manual.
The spreadsheet can be copied, or linked, to a CADD file containing a standard sheet border for inclusion in the plan images set, or for printing purposes.

Sheet Number Columns
The sheet number columns are used to show a cross-reference to the sheet from which the quantities are carried. Extra columns should be provided to allow for possible additions. Quantities may originate from many sources, and these sources may often exceed the number of columns available on the General Summary. For this reason, subsummaries are often used. Subsummaries are described in more detail in Section 1307.3.

Participation and Funding Splits
To facilitate project accounting, pay quantities should be separated in the General Summary and throughout the plans according to participation by the involved agencies [SP 1307-4 and 1307-5].
This usually applies to situations where portions of the project are financed under different federal project numbers, are split by municipal corporation lines, or contain items that are to be paid for by only one agency. The General Summary should show a separate subtotal for each unique combination of Local, State and Federal fund participation, in addition to the grand total. Funding splits for projects using combined funds (e.g. Bridge and Safety) shall also show separate subtotals for each unique combination of funding, in addition to the grand total in the General Summary. When participation or funding splits are needed for a project, the participation or funding split columns are to be included on all sheets of the General Summary.
In lieu of creating separate columns in the General Summary, the use of an asterisk to identify items with participation or funding splits is allowable for projects with one or two affected items. A note associated with the asterisk shall provide details regarding the participation or funding split. Pavement Quantities listed under the "Office Calcs" column on the General Summary should reflect participation or funding splits when needed.
If space permits, extra columns should be provided on the General Summary to permit additional participation or funding splits.

Item Code, Unit of Measure, and Description
The ODOT Item Master is a listing of construction item codes, their corresponding pay item descriptions, and units of measure. This list is continually updated and posted on the Office of Estimating's website. Questions regarding the ODOT Item Master should be directed to the Office of Estimating.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-36 The item code is a nine-character identifier used to catalogue pay item descriptions into a computerized database. All item codes and descriptions must be written exactly as listed in the Item Master. The first three digits of the item code generally refer to the specification number of the pay item and are entered in the "Item" column on the General Summary. The last five digits of the item code (referred to as the "Item Extension") are used to catalogue the pay items within the specification number. The item extension is entered in the "Item Extension" column. The fourth character refers to the type of measurement being used ("E" for English), and should not be included in the item code on the General Summary. It will be added at the time the information is entered into the computer during final plan processing.
Item Specials are an exception to the above and are discussed in Section 1307.2.6 -"Standard", "As Per Plan", "Miscellaneous", and "Special" Pay Items. Item extensions are to be shown on the General Summary only (not subsummaries, notes, etc.).
Water work items using city specifications are to be Item "Specials" and their descriptions are to be per ODOT's Item Master. Refer to the Item Master page on the Office of Estimating's website for guidance.
Item descriptions are limited to an additional 120 characters beyond those shown in the Item Master.
Lump sum items shall show "LS" in the Grand Total column with the Unit column left blank.
Supplemental descriptions are occasionally required for standard items and are always required for miscellaneous items. Refer to the "Special Instruction" column in ODOT's Item Master for a list of items requiring a supplemental description. Spaces, colons, and/or semicolons are not to be placed before a supplemental description, nor is the supplemental description to be placed within quotation marks.
The various items of work are grouped in order in the General Summary under the following headings: Alternate bid items shall be listed in the General Summary under a separate heading selected from the headings listed in this section, followed by the word "ALTERNATES" (e.g., ROADWAY ALTERNATES, DRAINAGE ALTERNATES, etc.), and placed directly after its corresponding heading section. For more information, see Section 1307.2.7 -Alternate, Optional, and Additive Alternate Bid Items and Sample Plan Sheet SP1307-4.

Roadway
As with alternate bid items, optional bid items shall also be listed in the General Summary under a separate heading selected from the headings listed in this section, with each set of optional bid items grouped together and designated with an alphabetical label (e.g., OPTION A, OPTION B, etc.) added to the heading. The heading shall be followed by a brief description and placed in alphabetical order directly after its corresponding heading section. For more information, see Section 1307.2.7 -Alternate, Optional, and Additive Alternate Bid Items and Sample Plan Sheet SP1307-3(c).

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-38 Additive alternate bid items shall be listed in the General Summary under an "ADDITIVE ALTERNATE" heading followed by a numerical label (e.g. 1, 2, etc. The General Summary shall be required in an Excel format using the standard spreadsheet, CTY-PID-GENSUM.xlsm.
More information on the use of the CTY-PID-GENSUM.xlsm spreadsheet can be found in Section 1307.1 and on the Office of Estimating's website.
The pay items within each of the listed headings must be arranged in ascending numerical order by the item code. For items with the same item code but different supplemental descriptions, the items are placed in alpha-numeric order by supplemental description. As a general rule, at least one blank line should be left between every five pay items to provide for possible additions.

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-40  In order to effectively track bridge maintenance costs, quantities must be recorded separately for each bridge structure utilizing its assigned SFN. The following three options are acceptable: 1. Providing a separate general summary for each bridge by SFN within the bridge sheets with a reference from the General Summary to each Structure General Summary.
2. Providing a combined structure general summary that separates quantities for each bridge by SFN; also with a reference from the General Summary for each bridge.
3. Providing quantities for each bridge, broken out separately by SFN, on the General Summary.
Each Structure General Summary shall be combined with the General Summary in an Excel format using the standard spreadsheet, CTY-PID-GENSUM.xlsm. See Section 1307.1 -General for more information.
Maintenance The District Highway Management Administrator should be consulted when there is a question regarding the need for these incidental pay items.
The following guidelines are recommended when determining the type of Field Office to specify on a project:

Estimated Project Construction Cost Office Type
Less than $500,000 Type A $500,000 to $5,000,000 Type B Over $5,000,000 Type C The basis of payment for a Field Office should be MNTH, unless otherwise instructed.

Contingency Quantities
In some cases, it may not be feasible to obtain precise quantities due to uncertainties regarding existing conditions. In these cases, a reasonable estimate (not contingency) of the items necessary, along with the location to where they apply, should be completed and appropriate quantities shown in the plans. Contingency quantities should not be used.
Pavement cores, soil borings and other condition surveys commensurate with the nature of the proposed work should be used to assist with the determination of these quantities.

Linear Grading
Linear grading pay items are intended for shallow grading and/or filling operations performed from the edge of pavement outward, to prepare, dress and/or reshape the roadside. Sufficient detail must be included in the plans to estimate and construct the work. When two or more different types of Item 209 -Linear Grading are required in the same plan, they should be differentiated by designating them as "Method A", "Method B", etc.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-43 If off-project material is needed for the work, a quantity of Item 209 -Borrow must be specified in the plans. Consideration should be given as to how this item is paid. If Item 209 -Borrow can be measured and calculated, then payment should be by the Cu. Yd. If the borrow cannot be measured due to settlement, or because the area is under water, then payment should be by the Ton.
1307.2.6 "Standard", "As Per Plan", "Miscellaneous", and "Special" Pay Items There are four types of pay items in a construction plan, "Standard", "As Per Plan", "Miscellaneous", and "Special". A "Standard" pay item is one whose requirements are defined by the Standard Construction Drawings and the Construction and Material Specifications or Supplemental Specifications. The description of a "Standard" pay item is consistent from plan to plan and is listed under the heading "Basis of Payment" in the Construction and Material Specifications or Supplemental Specifications.
An "As Per Plan" item is a standard pay item whose requirements need to be modified from that which is defined by the Standard Construction Drawings, the Construction and Material Specifications, or Supplemental Specifications. Every "As Per Plan" item must have a corresponding plan note, Proposal Note, plan detail, or combination thereof which clearly and completely explains the deviation(s) from the standard item. The "As Per Plan" descriptor should not be included as part of a "Miscellaneous" or "Special" pay item description. The location of "As Per Plan" notes and details shall be cross-referenced in the "See Sheet No." column on the General Summary.
A "Miscellaneous" item code is used for unique or infrequently performed items. These items shall be within the guidelines of the Standard Construction Drawings, the Construction and Material Specifications, Supplemental Specifications, or any other authoritative document. Every "Miscellaneous" item must have a corresponding plan note, proposal note, plan detail, or combination thereof to completely explain the item. The location of "Miscellaneous" notes and details shall be cross-referenced in the "See Sheet No." column on the General Summary sheet. If the item is "Miscellaneous", the word "MISC.:" will be part of the item description.
A "Special" item is an item that does not exist in the Standard Construction Drawings, the Construction and Material Specifications or Supplemental Specifications. It must be created by means of plan notes, plan details, proposal notes, special provisions or a combination thereof, which clearly and completely define all aspects of the item. The location of "Special" item notes and details shall be cross-referenced in the "See Sheet No." column on the General Summary. "Special" pay items are coded according to the closest related Specification number. If the item is a "Special", the word "Special" must be entered in the "Item" column and all eight digits of the item code are entered in the "Item Extension" column.

Alternate, Optional, and Additive Alternate Bid Items
Alternate, optional, and additive alternate bid items are included in a plan when so dictated by the sponsoring agency.
Alternate bid items shall be listed in the General Summary under a separate heading selected from the headings listed in Section 1307.2.3 -Item Code, Unit of Measure, and Description. This heading shall be modified by adding the word "ALTERNATES" (e.g., ROADWAY ALTERNATES, DRAINAGE ALTERNATES, etc.), and placed directly after its corresponding heading section. The description of individual alternate bid items shall include "ALTERNATE" followed by an appropriate numerical value, in parentheses, at the end. For each alternate bid item, an "X" shall be placed in the "ALT(X)" column in the General Summary [SP 1307-4].

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-44 The description for alternate bid items should vary to give distinction between items. One group of bid items can be alternated to another group of bid items without there being a one-to-one item match. Plan notes, plan details, proposal notes, special provisions, or a combination thereof shall be provided to clearly and completely define and identify the alternates. The bidder is required to bid on all alternate items.
The sponsoring agency will determine the alternate item, or group of alternate items, selected for the contract to be awarded. When the higher priced alternate item is selected, the additional cost of the alternate will be the responsibility of the sponsoring agency. When a group of bid items is optional to another group of bid items, each group of items will be given a single label. The bidder is to bid on one option only, with the bidder deciding which option to bid on.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-45 Additive alternate bid items shall be listed in the General Summary under an "ADDITIVE ALTERNATE" heading followed by a numerical label (e. g. 1, 2, etc.). The heading shall be followed by a brief description and placed in numerical order directly before the incidental pay items [SP1307-3(d)].
Incidental pay items that incur additional costs due to the inclusion of the additive alternate shall be included in the bid items for the additive alternate.
Multiple sets of additive alternates are permissible. When multiple sets are used, the additive alternates are to be listed numerically in order of highest to lowest priority. The sponsoring agency will determine the order of priority. The bidder is required to bid on all additive alternate items.
Questions regarding the setup of alternate, optional, and additive alternate bid items on the General Summary should be addressed to the Office of Estimating.

Sheet Cross References
The "See Sheet No." column is used to show a cross-reference to a general note sheet, plan detail sheet or description group general summary. References to a general note or plan detail for items that are not "As Per Plan" or "Special" should be made when the note or detail describes a specific method of performing work. Description groups that have their general summaries cross-referenced should be listed in the order shown in Section 1307.2.3 -Item Code, Unit of Measure, and Description.
Reference to a Proposal Note may be made at the end of a pay item description only if the pay item is new, or rarely used.

Buildings Demolished
Buildings to be demolished should be paid for under Item 202, Building Demolished. A single lump sum item is used for each parcel. The item description should include the parcel number and a list of the buildings to be removed.

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Salvage of Utility Items
Existing utility facilities (fire hydrants, valve boxes, etc.) to be removed by the highway contractor shall be disposed of and replaced, adjusted, or removed and reset. These items shall not be removed and stored for retrieval by the utility owner. The rules governing utility relocation and reimbursement differ from other functions of the highway construction process. The removal of existing facilities for storage would require that a salvage credit be given to the project for the value of the removed items, and any contractor charges for handling and/or transportation of the items would be ineligible for project cost.

Subsummaries
A limited number of sheet number columns are available on the General Summary. This limits the number of sheets from which quantities can be brought forward. It is therefore necessary on larger plans to summarize quantities in stages. Subsummaries are plan sheets where quantities from several sheets are gathered. The items may or may not have some relationship to each other.
Some of the pavement marking quantities are subdivided and subtotaled by color and/or type. Examples of subsummary sheets are included in the Sample Plan Sheets.
Subsummaries are generally located in a set of plans near (normally in front of) the source of the quantities they summarize. However, when they summarize a number of unrelated items, they may be located either after the General Summary or after the calculation sheets.

General
In order to prepare a valid engineering cost estimate for a project, it is essential that quantities be accurately calculated, accurately carried to the General Summary, and that substantiating data for all calculated items be included in the plan.

Pavement Calculations
Pavement, subgrade compaction and treated shoulder quantity computations should be completed on 8 1/2" x 11" sheets. These sheets may be handwritten or computer generated (e.g., spreadsheets). Computations are to clearly show how the quantities were derived. Irregular areas should be noted as CADD generated or planimetered areas. All sheets must include the project title and be numbered (e.g., 2 of 10). Quantities are to be carried to the General Summary and listed under a column entitled "Office Calcs." [SP 1307-3(a) and 1307-3(b)].

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Rounding of Quantities
Rounding of quantities should be made at the subsummary level. All quantities are whole numbers except as follows:

Validation of Quantities
Prior to submission of the completed plans, all plan quantities shall be independently checked by competent personnel other than the person(s) who originally computed the quantities. Each plan sheet that lists quantities or calculations shall be validated by the signed initials or names of persons who computed the quantities, and also those who performed the checking operations. These initials should be shown in the title block. SPEDuP plans shall show these initials in the page footing. While it is contemplated that spot checks of quantities will be made during review of the plan, the correctness of the quantities is the responsibility of the design unit preparing the plans.

Requirements
The Project Site Plan shall consist of a schematic plan similar to that required in Section 1303 -Schematic Plan. It will generally have a scale of 1"=200'. This plan shall show all Project Disturbed Areas.
The following items shall be included on the plan and may be listed in tabular form: • A site description indicating the nature and type of construction activity.

•
The total area of project (right-of-way, including permanent easements).

•
The total area of "Project Earth Disturbing Activities" that is expected to undergo earth disturbing activities as estimated from Location and Design Manual, Volume 2, Figure 1112-1. • The name and location of the immediate receiving stream or surface water(s) and the subsequent named receiving water(s) (e.g. Black Run/Sandy Creek).
• Surface water locations including streams, lakes, ponds, wetlands, jurisdictional and regulated ditches, springs, etc. within 200' of the right-of-way.

•
The approximate latitude and longitude (+ 5 seconds) of the center of the project.

•
The name and number of the USGS 7.5 minute quadrangle map(s) on which the project is located.
• Existing contours with enough accuracy to define the existing drainage patterns.
• Flow arrows indicating proposed drainage patterns.
• Existing buildings and current land uses (e.g. residential, commercial, or agricultural).

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-49 • Permanent drainage items such as culverts, storm sewers, catch basins, etc.

Plan & Profile Sheets [SP 1309-1(a) through SP 1309-8]
show what an area looks like before (existing) and after (proposed) construction of the project. In addition, they show quantities, dimensions, and other items required to construct the project. Plan and Profile Sheets are normally drawn to the following scales: • Rural Projects: -Horizontal: 1"=50', or 1"=20' -Vertical: 1"= 5', or 1"=10' • Urban (or Short Rural) Projects: -Horizontal: 1"=20' -Vertical: 1"=5' (preferred) or 1"=10' The above scales will result in coverage on a typical sheet of 1500' at 1"=50' and 600' at 1"=20'. For convenience, the scale used for the roadway plan and profile sheets should match the scale used on the right-of-way detail sheets.
The profile should be plotted on a square grid system subdivided in accordance with the examples shown in Figure 1202-1, Acceptable Grid Systems.
The plan and profile sheets at the beginning and end of the project should include additional length of existing topographic features beyond the ends of the permanent pavement construction. The minimum additional length is 300 feet for design speeds of 40 mph or less and 500 feet for design speeds over 40 mph. Horizontal and vertical alignments and all topography should be shown in these "extension" areas.
To avoid misinterpretations, the use of abbreviations in the plans, except those defined in the Construction and Materials Specifications or generally understood by engineers and contractors, should be minimized. If abbreviations are used, a legend explaining the abbreviations should be included.

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Format
Plan & Profile Sheets are composed of three distinct parts -plan, profile and quantities. All of these parts may be shown on a single sheet [SP 1309-5, 1309-6, and 1309-8]. However, because of the complexity of some plans, it may be necessary to vary the format to more clearly show the proposed work. In such cases, the plan, profile and quantities may be shown on separate sheets [SP 1309-2] or combined in any manner [SP 1309-1(a) and 1309-1(b)]. When varying from the single-sheet format, the designer should locate the plan, profile and quantity sheets as near to each other as possible and provide cross-references on each sheet.

Existing Information
All existing features should be shown and the disposition of all such items within the existing and/or proposed right-of-way should be indicated. Existing features, except buildings, should be shown using dashed lines. The following sections list many of the existing items that should be shown on a Plan & Profile Sheet. This list should not be considered all-inclusive.

Topography
• Trees and stumps -For projects involving earth disturbing activities or any other construction activity that may require tree removal, the diameter of all trees and stumps 12 inches and over must be shown. Symbols should be used to differentiate between deciduous and coniferous trees. Species names (e.g., Oak, Maple, Pine) do not need to be labeled. In general, labels designating tree size (as defined in the Construction and Material Specifications) should be provided for trees located within the construction limits and 25 feet outside the project construction limits. Trees and stumps to be removed should be noted by an "X".
• Railroad right-of-way lines.

Utilities
• Location and depth of underground utilities (gas, telephone, water, sanitary, etc.) • Location of overhead utilities (electric, telephone, cable television, etc.). Only poles should be shown unless actual lines are located such that they may impact the contractor's operations. Indicate the rating of major overhead electric transmission lines and the existing clearance.

Underground Mines
• Location of any field observed or mapped mine features (openings, subsidence features, etc.).

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Proposed Facility Information
Following are many of the proposed facility items that should be shown on a Plan & Profile sheet. This list should not be considered all-inclusive.

Alignment and Grade
• Centerline of construction and any other construction baselines should be shown along with their relationship to each other. Stations, station equations, and bearings (at each tangent and at least one per sheet) must be shown.
The centerline of construction should match the centerline of right-of-way. In those instances where it is not possible to match the two centerlines, a constant offset between the two centerlines is preferred. When the two centerlines differ, their relationship must be shown in the right-of-way plans. It is not necessary to show this relationship within the construction plans.
Stationing When a centerline includes a deflection angle (i.e., a P.I. without a horizontal curve), there can be confusion on how to measure stations and offsets from the back and forward tangents. The following figure clarifies which tangent to use depending on a point's location in the "overlap" area.

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-53 In addition to the "overlap" area, there is a "blind" area in which a station and offset cannot be measured from either the back or forward tangent. Stations and offsets in the "blind" area should be measured off an extended back tangent as shown in the figure.
Indicate when station and offset are being reported along the extended back tangent in the "blind" area as follows: Sta. 12+75.00, 30.00' Rt., on Extended Back Tangent • Grades are to be shown using percentages to the hundredths.
• Profile grade elevations are to be shown every 25'. The location of the profile grade elevation is shown on the Typical Sections.
• Elevations shall be expressed in feet above the specified datum.
• Horizontal alignment data -Show all data for simple curves and spiral curves (See Figures  1303-1, 1303-2 and 1303-3). All proposed horizontal alignment data (i.e. curve information, station equations, reference points, etc.) shall be specified to the nearest hundredth of a foot.

Roadway Items
• Lane widths -Where lane widths are not obvious, they should be shown on the plan view or on a separate sketch. The location and dimensions of all pavement transitions should be shown, including "tie-ins" to existing pavement. • Drives -Label the location, type, existing surface type, width, and alignment with mainline (i.e., angle relative to centerline) on plan and profile sheets, drive detail sheets or tables.

Boundary Lines
• Right-of-Way, easement, temporary right-of-way and limited access lines • Construction limits -These limits must encompass all work. This includes removals, room for construction equipment to complete work, site access, etc. Construction limits are not intended to encompass storage areas for materials or equipment. However, it may be necessary to address storage areas when determining a project's environmental impacts.
• Property Lines -Show property lines when right-of-way is being acquired or when the project includes access management changes for properties along the roadway.

Quantities
Plan & Profile sheets are used to show many of the plan quantities as described in the following sections.

Reference Balloons
Reference balloons are used to tie the items on the plan to the pay quantities in the estimated quantities A separate reference balloon is used for each drainage structure and its outlet run of conduit regardless of whether or not the run of conduit extends onto an adjacent plan and profile sheet. For example, reference balloon D-5 on SP 1309-1(a) and SP 1309-1(b) includes a catch basin and proposed storm sewer conduit that extends to the next sheet.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-55 Reference balloon numbering may be restarted on each plan view or may be carried through the entire plan. A consistent system of reference balloon numbering should be used for each project. SP 1309-1(a) and SP 1309-1(b) provide an example of sequential balloon numbering that is carried through all plan and profile sheets. SP 1309-6 provides an example of balloon numbering that is restarted for each plan and profile sheet.

Estimated Quantities
Quantities should be shown in tabular form in such a manner as to clearly show the following: • Reference Designation -This is usually a combination of letters and numbers. The letters indicate the general description of the item (Example -UD or U for underdrain, GR or G for guardrail, D for drainage, S for sanitary sewer, C for curb, DR for driveways, R for removal, WQ for manufactured water quality structure), and numbers differentiate between similar items (D-1, D-2 and D-3 might be used when there were three drainage items on one Plan & Profile Sheet).

Item quantity and total quantity
Indicate whether the total quantities are carried to the General Summary or to a Subsummary Sheet.

Miscellaneous Information
In addition to existing and proposed information and quantities, Plan & Profile sheets include other information pertinent to the project, such as the following:

Project Control and Reference Points
Points used to establish project control along with the associated reference points are more commonly shown on the Schematic Plan or General Notes. When a Schematic Plan is not provided or for other unique situations where the project control points and reference points cannot be shown in the Schematic Plan or General Notes, these points should be shown on the Plan sheets as described in Section 1303.2.2.

Cross References to Other Sheets
Where quantities, details, etc. are shown on other sheets, cross-references are required.

Typical Sections of Adjoining Pavement
When not shown with the Typical Section Sheets, the first and last Plan & Profile Sheet should show a detail of the Typical Section of the Adjoining Pavement, including type, thickness and cross slopes of all pavement courses.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-56

Project and Work Limits
If the Project and Work Limits are not provided in the Schematic Plan, the limits should be shown on the appropriate Plan & Profile Sheets.

Match Lines
A match line should be shown, and the station given, wherever the plan view, work or quantities are continued on another sheet. It is recommended that the match lines be made at a location where the stationing is a multiple of 100 feet.

General
Although the main purpose for cross-sections is to show end areas and surface dimensions for the calculation of earthwork and seeding quantities, they conveniently show a wealth of additional information, which will be discussed in part in the following sections [SP 1310-1 through SP 1310-4].
In complicated areas such as interchanges, a cross-section layout sheet may be required. A cross-section layout sheet is a plan sheet showing where each section is located [SP 1310-6].

Format
Cross-Sections are plotted on a 1" x 1" grid system subdivided in accordance with the examples shown in Figure 1202-1. Horizontal and vertical scales are equal -usually 1"=5' or 1"=10'. Elevations are labeled along each side at the major grid lines. When a 1"=10' scale is used, the even elevations are located at the 1" grid lines. The distance, measured from the centerline of construction, is labeled at the top and bottom of the sheet at the vertical major grid lines. Cross-section sheets shall be laid out such that stationing increases from the bottom to the top of the sheet.
Intervals between regular sections should normally be 50'. Intervals of 25' should be used where greater detail is required. In addition, sections (or partial sections) are plotted at abrupt ground line changes or to show special features such as drives, bridges, or drainage items. Sections must be shown as often as necessary to accurately determine the character and extent of the proposed work. The station is shown in bold print under each section at the centerline of construction. The existing ground elevation at the centerline of construction is shown directly below the station number and the elevation of the proposed grade at the profile grade point is shown directly above the station number. A project may require two profile grade points to be shown on the cross-sections.
Exaggerated cross-sections may be included in the plan, or provided on separate sheets, with the Stage 3 submission for review and reference during construction of the project. They are used to calculate variable depth pavement leveling course quantities or to show variable depth pavement planing.
Existing features are shown with dashed lines and proposed features are shown with solid lines. Existing features located between two cross-sections should be shown on the nearest cross section. For example, for a project using 50' cross section intervals with a catch basin located at Sta. 20+27, the catch basin should be depicted on the cross section at Sta. 20+50.
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-57  Adjustments must be made for drives, intersections, etc. When pavement is removed and is to be replaced with embankment material, the quantity of embankment must be included in the plans using the applicable 203 or 204 pay item.

Earthwork Calculations
End areas may be determined using computer programs, planimetering, or summation of geometric shapes. Subtotals for earthwork quantities should be shown on each sheet and carried to a subsummary in advance of the cross-sections or directly to the General Summary.

Earthwork Corrections for Curvature
When computing earthwork for a project, it is important that the designer consider the effect of curvature on the volumes of cut and fill, and adjust the quantities where warranted. Curvature may have a significant effect where there are side-hill cuts and/or fills where the centroid of either area is significantly displaced from the centerline. The magnitude is a function of the curve radius, with shorter radii curves (such as may be used on ramps) having the greater effect. Whenever the true volume of cut or fill, or both combined, based on the centroidal arc length, differs by one cubic yard per yard of distance between adjacent cross-sections from the estimated volumes based on the survey length, a correction shall be shown in the plans.
It is assumed that the actual true volume of a curved prismoid is the product of the average area of end sections times the arch length passing midway between the centroids (centers-of-gravity) of the end sections. If the centroidal arc lies on the inside of a curve, its length is shorter than the centerline distance; if it lies on the outside, its length is longer.
To adjust earthwork volumes for curvature, the corrected-arc-length method should be used. This method is simple and easy to understand and is easily adapted to computer programs for earthwork. An example of this method is shown in the following figure:

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-58 The diagram of the example showing the method of correction should be shown on the General Note Sheet. The corrected arc lengths should be shown in the earthwork tabulations on the cross-section sheets. Earthwork cut and fill end areas for Roads for Maintaining Traffic may be shown on the cross-sections with quantities located in separate cut and fill columns or marked with an asterisk. Alternatively, they may be calculated and included for estimating purposes on the Office of Estimating's Estimated Quantities form which can be found in Appendix D. The totals of the earthwork cut and fill for Roads for Maintaining Traffic shall be provided in the General Notes.

Seeding Calculations
Except on projects where the seeding quantities can otherwise be determined with reasonable accuracy, seeding end widths and areas should be shown on the cross-sections. The limits of seeding shall be all areas of exposed soil between the right-of-way lines and within the construction limits for areas outside the right-of-way lines.
End widths measured to the closest foot and seeding areas (sq. yards) are shown in the columns on the left side of the Cross-Section sheet. Adjustments must be made for drives, intersections, etc. [SP 1310-3] Subtotals for seeding quantities should be shown on each sheet and carried to a subsummary in advance of the Cross-Sections or directly to the General Summary.

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Drainage Items
Existing and proposed drainage facilities should be shown on the Cross-Sections. This includes, but is not limited to: ditches, permanent erosion control items, flow arrows, culverts, headwalls (type and elevations), inlets, manholes, drive pipes, and other longitudinal drainage items. Ditch flowline elevations should be shown. Existing facilities to be removed or abandoned should be so noted. Existing normal water level elevations should also be noted for lakes, ponds, rivers and streams. The elevation of the Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM) should be identified for any waterway feature (i.e., streams, jurisdictional ditches, lakes, reservoirs, and ponds) being addressed through the Waterway Permit.
Drainage items are normally shown on the Plan & Profile Sheets and the Drainage Detail sheets, in addition to the Cross-Sections. Full design information should be indicated on only one of these sheets. The remaining sheets need only show the type of structure and a reference to the sheet where additional details can be found.

Drives
Drive profiles should be shown on the cross-sections. Profiles which do not fall at a full cross-section should be shown on a partial section. The drive's station, length and grade should be labeled. Separate drive profile sheets are not typically required, although they may be needed for long drives [SP 1310-5].

Miscellaneous Items
Some of the other items that should be shown on the Cross-Sections include: retaining walls, limits of subgrade stabilization and all underground utilities.

Miscellaneous Details
Miscellaneous Details is a section of the plan that serves as a "catch-all" for items that do not fit under other headings. Some of the items that may fall into this category are included in the following subsections.

Drive details [SP 1311-4 and 1311-5]
show the geometry and build-up of drives. Typically, this information can be adequately presented in tabular format and separate drive details are not needed.

Grading Details
Grading Details [SP 1311-12] are sheets showing the graded shoulder, slope breaks, drainage structures, ditches, and flow arrows. A grading detail should be provided for intersections and interchanges on complicated plans where cross-sections and profiles cannot adequately describe the grading.

Intersection Details
Intersection Details [SP 1311-2 and SP 1311-3] show the intersection angle, pavement widths, radius return curve data (location of origin point, radius, interior angle and length of curve), centerline and edge of pavement elevations at 25 ft. intervals, elevations around the radius returns at 10 to 15 ft.

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-60 intervals, drainage structures including elevations, ditch and conduit flow arrows, and top of curb elevation. An intersection detail should be provided for all intersections.

Pavement/Transition Details [SP 1311-6 and 1311-9 through 1311-11]
show the pavement build-up within a transition. A Pavement/Transition Detail should be provided for areas at the ends of a project that are not easily depicted by a typical section.

Other Details
Additional details that may be needed include: • Noise Barriers -Additional information may be obtained by contacting the Office of Environmental Services.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-61 1312 Drainage Details

General
Drainage Details include details for prefabricated structures and other drainage related items that cannot be adequately shown on other plan sheets. Several of these are discussed in the following sections.

Culvert Details
If larger than minimum pipe sizes are used, a separate culvert detail is required [SP 1312-1, 1312-2, 1312-3 and 1312-7]. If space permits, two or more details may be placed on one sheet. The horizontal and vertical scales are the same, preferably 1"=10'. Culvert details should include the following: A. Hydraulic Design Data to be shown on the profile or as an information block for each culvert: • Drainage area to the nearest acre.

•
Design-year and 100-year discharge in cfs.

•
Design-year and 100-year velocity in ft/s. . Required for Type A conduits having an opening, measured along the centerline of the roadway, of 12 inches or greater but less than 120 inches.

B. Plan View Information:
• Station to nearest 0.01 ft. where structure centerline intersects centerline of construction.
• Skew angle to the nearest degree as measured from the centerline of the culvert to the centerline of the roadway.
• Stations and offsets (nearest 0.01 foot at structure ends).
• Channel protection with dimensions.
• Conduit channels and ditches with flow arrows.
• Headwall angle to structure and location with dimensions.

C. Profile Information:
• Culvert type, length and grade.
• Culvert grade to nearest hundredth of a percent. • Minimum cover elevation to the nearest foot.
• Maximum cover elevation to the nearest foot.
• Type of headwall with elevations.
• Ditch grades to the nearest tenth of a foot.
• Type of channel and/or ditch protection with thickness.
• Centerline of construction.
• All offsets (measured along centerline of culvert).
• Item 602, Concrete Masonry for headwalls or Item 511, Concrete if non-standard.
• Conduit. The pay quantity for pipe on slopes 3:1 or steeper is measured along the invert. All other pipe is measured horizontal from station to station.

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-63 • Pavement restoration. All items that are required to restore the pavement after the installation of 611 items.
If the quantities are carried to any sheet other than the General Summary, a cross-reference note should be added.
All items that are located such that they would prevent a 611, or 605, item from being constructed require a 202 removal item (headwall removed, pipe removed, catch basin removed, etc.).
Provide the design live load (HL-93) with the future wearing surface load (60 psf) information on the Culvert Detail Sheet or Site Plan for precast reinforced concrete box culverts (spans 14 feet or greater), precast reinforced concrete three-sided flat-topped culverts, precast reinforced concrete arch culverts, and precast reinforced concrete round sections. Hydraulic information at the storm sewer outlet should include: the total drainage area, the design year discharge, and the hydraulic grade line for the check discharge.

Storm Sewer Profiles
A Culvert File Number (CFN) is required for Type B conduits having and opening, measured along the centerline of the roadway, of 12 inches or greater but less than 120 inches.

Three-Sided Precast Culverts
In addition to the culvert details specified in Section 1312.2 -Culvert Details, three-sided precast culvert details will consist of the following as a minimum [SP 1312-6(a) through 6(h)]:

A. Plan Details
• Wall and slab thicknesses.

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B. Optional Designs
For three-sided culvert plans involving optional designs (flat top/arch top), the structure details may be combined or separated, depending on the degree of similarity. Footing and wingwall designs should generally be the same for each option. Quantities for optional designs should use one of the following formats: • Separate list of estimated quantities for each option.

Lighting Plans
Lighting plans should be prepared in accordance with the Traffic Engineering Manual [SP 1314-9 through 1314-11]. The Office of Roadway Engineering should be contacted for assistance in the preparation of plans involving highway lighting.

Landscaping Plans
The Office of Roadway Engineering and the Office of Environmental Services should be contacted for assistance in the preparation of plans involving highway landscaping [SP 1314-12].

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Rest Area Plans
The Office of Facilities Management should be contacted for assistance in the preparation of plans involving rest areas.

Structures
Structure plan preparation should be in accordance with the Bridge Design Manual. Additional information may be obtained by contacting the Office of Structural Engineering.

Right-of-Way Plans
The

Soils Information Sheets
Soil profiles, foundation investigations, etc. should be prepared using the Specifications for Geotechnical Explorations. Additional soils information, if any, may be obtained by contacting the Office of Geotechnical Engineering and the Office of Structural Engineering.
All available soils information should be included in the contract documents. This is usually accomplished by the use of soils plan sheets. Special Provisions or plan notes referencing the location of the soils information may also be used.

Mine Map Overlay Sheets
Mine Map Overlay sheets should be used when a mine exists within 500' of the proposed work. These sheets should show mine maps overlain on the proposed roadway. Additional features located within 500 feet on both sides of the centerline, including but not limited to the following, should be shown on the overlay sheets: • Location of any field observed or mapped mine features (openings, subsidence features, etc.

General
Simplified plans [SP 1315-1 through SP 1315-4] are not required to follow the format requirements described in the previous sections. However, they shall contain enough information to adequately describe the work so that the contractor can properly bid and construct the project.

Plan Sheets
As a minimum, all plan sheets shall have a project identifier and sheet number.

Title Sheet
The following is the minimum information that shall be provided on the title sheet:

General Summary
All Simplified Plans must include a General Summary. The format of the General Summary shall be as per Section 1307.2 -General Summary Sheet.

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SPEDuP (Simplified Plan -Expedited Delivery Project) Plans
(IMPORTANT NOTE: The SPEDuP process will become obsolete on June 30, 2020 and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, please contact the Office of Estimating directly with questions.

General
SPEDuP projects are straightforward, routine, maintenance-type, projects which require minimal design and have none of the complexities common to most construction projects. These expedited delivery projects are primarily developed using Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel. Using this format reduces the time required to process, advertise, and bid a project.
SPEDuP plans are NOT permitted when the proposed project involves any of the following: •  SPEDuP plans are not required to follow the format requirements described in the previous sections of this manual. However, they shall contain sufficient information to adequately describe the work so that the contractor can properly bid and construct the project. This information may be presented entirely in written format, without the use of drawings. Typically, such plans consist of the following components:

Plan Sheets
SPEDuP projects shall use a letter-size (8"x11") format, and are primarily developed using Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel. As a minimum, all plan sheets shall have the following: ✓ Project Identifier -Provide the project identifier as a header. ✓ Sheet Number -Shall be located in the lower right of the page footer, using the (PAGE X of XX) format. ✓ Font -All font shall be capitalized and in Arial Bold, font size 10. ✓ Sheet Border -The border around all pages shall be ½ inch.
If necessary, drawings and maps may be embedded into the Word document as a graphics. If proper scaling is required, additional details can be included into the PDF version of the plan package on an 8 ½" X 11" plan sheet. The plan developer may create the graphics in MicroStation and include the plotted PDF into the final plan package. Embedding these details into the seed Word and/or Excel document is preferred to ensure proper page numbering.

Title Sheet
Simplified Plan Expedited Delivery Projects (SPEDuP) have a more streamlined format than traditional plans. Therefore, the Title Sheet for a SPEDuP plan will not require the same amount of information as a traditional plan. For example, Title Blocks are not required for SPEDuP plans. However, even though an actual Title block is not required, the information within a traditional Title Block is still required to be shown on the SPEDuP Title Sheet (See Sample Plan Sheet SP1302-08 for details).
Following is the minimum information that shall be provided on the Title Sheet of a SPEDuP plan:

Section 1300 Plan Components
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 13-69 • Notes -Section 1302.12 • Plan Signatures -Section 1302.13 The Title Sheet shall be created using the standard Excel template found on the Office of CADD and Mapping Services' website, and it shall be transmitted in the delivery of the Plan Package.

General Summary
All SPEDuP plans must include a General Summary [SP 1307-6]. The format of the General Summary shall be as per Section 1307.2.
The General Summary must be created using the standard Excel spreadsheet CTY-PID-GENSUM.xlsm available on both the Office of Estimating and the Office of CADD and Mapping Services' websites. This Excel spreadsheet is used to transfer all plan quantities directly into the Office of Estimating's AASHTOWare software. The spreadsheet can be copied, or linked to a CADD file containing a standard sheet border for inclusion in the plan set. More information on the use of this spreadsheet can be found on the Office of Estimating's website, and in Section 502.1 of the ODOT CADD Engineering Standards Manual.
The General Summary spreadsheet (in Excel format) must also be transmitted in the delivery of the Plan Package.
Prior to submission of the completed plans, all plan quantities shall be independently checked by competent personnel other than the person(s) who originally computed the quantities. Each plan sheet that lists quantities or calculations shall be validated by the signed initials, or names, of persons who computed quantities and those who performed the checking operations. SPEDuP plans shall show these initials in the page footing.

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T I T LE S H E E T LA Y O U T : R E FE R E N C E S E C T I O N
CHECKED BY ___ IMPORTANT NOTE: SPEDuP plans will become obsolete at the end of Fiscal Year 2020 (June 30, 2020) and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, please contact them directly.

Introduction
Transportation projects originate from a wide variety of sources, including local governments or private entities requesting to construct improvements on roadways under the Department's control. In order to streamline project development and avoid unnecessary delays, these projects are required to follow ODOT's Project Development Process (PDP). ODOT's Project Development Process is a project management and decision-making process, which provides a team-oriented approach to developing a transportation project. It is the framework for project development and guides it from conception through completion. The PDP also establishes the scope of work for a project and its deliverables.

Project Phases
The Project Development Process (PDP) is a project management and transportation decision-making tool that outlines project development from concept through completion. It encourages communication among disciplines, eliminates duplication of effort, minimizes cost overruns, and provides for early identification of potential issues. For example, by identifying environmentally sensitive resources early in the PDP process opportunities to minimize direct impacts are afforded, thereby resulting in the production of quality plans.
The PDP consists of five phases that projects must advance through. These phases are: Planning (PL), Preliminary Engineering (PE), Environmental Engineering (EE), Final Engineering/ROW Phase (FE), and Construction (CO). Depending on the project's size, complexity, and/or potential impact to the environment, the amount of time spent in each phase will vary.
It is important to note that PDP phases represent conceptual groupings of activities. The activities from one phase do not necessarily need to be completed before advancing with activities in the next phase. For example, because right of way acquisition frequently falls on a project's critic path, it may be necessary to begin development of the Preliminary Right of Way during development of the the Alternative Evaluation Report (AER), prior to the selection of a preferred alternative. Under this scenario, elements of the Environmental Engineering phase occur while the project is still in the Preliminary Engineering phase.

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Preliminary Development
Preliminary Development highlights the focused attention to the Preliminary Engineering (PE) and Environmental (EE) phases of the Project Development Process (PDP) by linking them together. The combining together of these two areas of Preliminary Development defines them as the primary Preliminary Development decision points and provides better alignment with ODOT's internal funding phases. Although ODOT is defines the PE and EE phases as having separate defined deliverables, for ODOT/FHWA finance coding, these two phases will be approved as one.
A brief overview of project phases is detailed in the following sections.

Planning Phase (PL)
Planning is the first phase of the PDP and provides a starting point for decision-making. It creates the foundation upon which the later PDP phases depend and assumes that a transportation improvement is warranted to address a problem identified through a prioritization process. But it does not assume the specific project-level needs to be addressed, facility type or project to be constructed. This phase utilizes a multi-disciplinary approach to: ➢ identify project specific needs & study area ➢ determine an operational or mangement solution to solve the identified transporation problem ➢ determine project phasing and location ➢ determine the scope, schedule and budget of the project Planning efforts should balance the need to move people safely and efficiently while fostering transportation projects that preserve and enhance the natural and built environments, as well as the economic and social assets of the neighborhoods through which they pass.
More detailed information on the Planning Phase (PL) can be found in the PDP Manual.

Preliminary Engineering (PE)
Preliminary Engineering begins the process of collecting more detailed information in order to develop and compare alternatives. This is done by conducting field investigations, performing technical studies, and developing preliminary engineering level of plans. This work builds upon, and refines, the information and analysis produced during the Planning Phase (PL). A primary product of Preliminary Engineering is the recommendation of the preferred alternative for the project. PE initiates the Stage 1 detailed design.
Although not an all-inclusive list, typical tasks performed during the PE phase are:

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Environmental Engineering (EE)
In the Environmental Engineering (EE) phase, detailed environmental analysis of the preferred alternative is performed concurrently with detailed engineering, and other technical studies.
The EE builds upon and refines the information and analyses produced during the Preliminary Engineering Phase (PE). The intent of the process is to have refined environmental studies and design work initiated concurrently on the preferred alternative, along with solid decision-making.
Based on the understanding of potential environmental impacts, a determination is made by the project team regarding the necessary level of environmental field studies and regulatory agency coordination needed for the project.
More detailed information on the Environmental Engineering Phase can be found in the PDP Manual, located on the Office of Environmental Engineering's website.

Final Engineering/ROW Phase (FE)
During the Final Engineering/ROW Phase, projects are advanced to full development.
The acquisition of any necessary right of way is finalized in this phase, but the process is flexible. Acquisition can occur early, before environmental review is completed, piecemeal as part of a designbuild project, or traditionally after the environmental review is completed and the right of way plans are completed.
Stage 3 detailed design is also completed during this phase. Plans must contain all details and quantities required to bid and construct the proposed project, including a final cost estimate. A Stage 3 Detailed Design Review Submission must also be reviewed and approved by the District. It Is recommended that a second Stage 3 Detailed Design Review be conducted if more than two years have elapsed since the first Stage 3 Detailed Design Review, and the Final Tracing Package has not been submitted to Central Office.
The Project Manager is responsible for ensuring: • project has been fully developed, • all necessary legislation has been completed, • PS&E package has been finalized, • performance of any other technical and engineering tasks, • Plan Package meets all construction schedule deadlines.
Before the project can proceed to the next phase, the Final Plan Package is prepared and submitted to the ODOT Office of Estimating.
More information on the Final Engineering/ROW Phase can be found in the PDP Manual, located on the Office of Environmental Engineering's website.

Construction (CO)
The Construction Phase can be defined as the execution and administration of the contract documents, and is the final step in the Project Development Process (PDP). It begins when the Final Plan Package has been submitted to Central Office. After the contract is awarded, ODOT monitors, manages, and documents the contractor's activities to ensure compliance with the plans, proposal, and specifications.

SECTION 1400 Project Development
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 14-6 January 2020 The Contractor is responsible for constructing the work as detailed in the contract documents. The Project Engineer is responsible for ensuring that the terms of the construction contract are fulfilled. The Contract is a written agreement between the Department and the Contractor, setting forth the obligations of the parties, including, but not limited to the performance of the work and the basis of payment. Requirements for the management of the contract after the award can be found in the

Construction Administration Manual of Procedures and the ODOT Construction and Materials Specifications (CMS).
More information on the Construction Phase can be found in the PDP Manual, located on the Office of Environmental Engineering's website.

Project Classification
ODOT projects fall into one of five path categories (Path 1-5). Selection of the appropriate project path is based on the project's size, anticipated level of project complexity and/or potential impact to the environment. The project's path identifies the recommended level of analysis, amount of stakeholder involvement, and activities performed during each phase. For classification purposes, the relative complexity of a project should be evaluated on a statewide, rather than a district-wide basis.
Since the initial path selected for a project is frequently based upon limited information, it is recommended that it be reevaluated at the conclusion of planning activities to determine if it is still the best choice. ODOT's Project Development Process (PDP) provides the flexibility to reclassify a project's path to fit unanticipated requirements which may develop. It's important to reclassify a project as early in the project development process as possible to avoid any delay in its progress.
When trying to determine which path a project should follow, it may be difficult to determine if it fits better in one category versus another. When this situation arises, it is recommended that the higher category be selected.
All larger, more complex (Path 3, Path 4 and Path 5) PDP projects will have a dedicated Project Manager to oversee project development through all development phases of the PDP.
More information on Project Path categories can be found in the following sections, and in the PDP Manual.

Path 1 Projects
Path 1 projects are defined as "simple" transportation improvements generated by traditional and preventative maintenance. They may involve structure work and roadway resurfacing. From an environmental perspective, they are typically processed as low-level Categorical Exclusion (CE) NEPA documents.
Examples of Path 1 projects are: • Simple guardrail replacements, where roadway ditches and backslopes will not be relocated • Traffic signal maintenance, provided that no work occurs within any historic district and there is no likelihood of encountering contaminated materials • Mowing, trimming, or brush removal • General highway maintenance (i.e., filling potholes, crack sealing, joint repair, installation or maintenance of signs, pavement markings, raised pavement markers)

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 14-7 • Bridge painting and bridge deck overlays provided the project does not involve work within streams, rivers, scenic river corridors, or historic properties • SPEDuP projects (NOTE: SPEDuP plans will become obsolete on June 30, 2020 and will no longer be accepted by the Office of Estimating. For more information, please contact the Office of Estimating directly with questions)

Path 2 Projects
Path 2 projects are simple transportation projects which include minor structure and roadway work. They involve non-complex structure, or roadway work. These jobs can include minor ROW acquisition (i.e., strip takes, temporary easements). Path 2 projects are typically low-level Categorical Exclusion (CE) NEPA documents and will likely have one viable alternative.
Examples of Path 2 projects are: • Bridge rehabilitation and in-kind bridge replacement • Culvert rehabilitation/replacement • Resurfacing and shoulder widening (no capacity additions) • Isolated intersection improvements including turn lane additions, roundabouts, restricted crossing U-turns, etc.

Path 3 Projects
Path 3 projects involve a higher level of difficulty than projects in Paths 1 or 2. These projects are generally located on an existing alignment, although to improve geometric conditions small adjustments to the existing alignment and which do not result in significant environmental impacts may be involved. They involve moderate roadway and/or structure work and may include capacity additions. They can also involve utility relocations and ROW acquisitions, including relocations. Due to the wide range of potential impacts, and the amount of right of way required, Path 3 projects can fall under a wide range of environmental document levels, from C2 through D3.
Examples of Path 3 projects are: • Median widenings • Geometric realignments • Interstate reconstruction and/or median widening • Auxiliary lane additions • Interchange reconstructions

Path 4 Projects
Path 4 are defined as transportation improvements where the anticipated result of the improvement is expected to have a significant impact to the highway's public access, level of service, traffic flow, mobility patterns, or mode shares. They include roadway and structure work which could add capacity, affect existing horizontal/vertical alignments, and involve consideration of complex and competing interests.
Although typically located on new alignment, Path 4 projects could include any project type that might impact high-quality environmental resources, have substantial public controversy, require substantial right of way acquisition, regular agency coordination at several decision points in the PDP, and result in

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 14-8 January 2020 the examination of multiple alternatives as a necessary to aid in the systematic progression of selecting the preferred alternative.
The context and intensity of impacts should be considered when addressing the impact to environmental resources. Path 4 projects may require a higher-level CE, Environmental Assessment (EA), or Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) NEPA document.
Path 4 example projects are those which: • make significant changes to existing horizontal and/or vertical alignment, resulting in the examination of multiple alternatives • are located on a new highway alignment in a rural setting • may impact high-quality environmental resources

Path 5 Projects
Mostly urban transportation improvements, Path 5 projects involve the highest complexity of design work; have a higher probability of public controversy, multiple alternatives, and complex utility and access management issues.
In addition to requiring a substantial financial investment, Path 5 projects can be expected to have a significant impact on the highway's level of service, traffic flow, mobility patterns, mode shares and right of way.
From an environmental standpoint, Path 5 projects include any project type in an urban setting that might impact a high-quality environmental resource or require agency coordination at several decision points in the PDP. They're typically higher level NEPA documents and require an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) or an Environmental Assessment (EA) NEPA document, but in some instances could be processed as a high-level Categorical Exclusion (CE) NEPA document. The context and intensity of impacts should be considered when addressing an impact to an environmental resource. The District Environmental Coordinator or the Office of Environmental Services should be consulted if assistance is needed in determining the appropriate level of NEPA document that will be required for the project. Additional scoping reviews before acceptance may be required.
More information on Path 5 projects can be found in the PDP Manual.

Review Process Determination
Every ODOT project must be reviewed. There are several review categories in which a project may fall: The review process which may be applied to a project is based upon its path and is determined by the District office. Irrespective of the number, or the detail of review submittals required, the designer is responsible for plan accuracy and adherence to all design and plan preparation requirements.
A description of each review process can be found in the sections which follow.

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Staged Review Process
The Staged Review Process consists of a series of review submissions at various stages of the design process. As the number of project alternatives is reduced, the level of design detail increases.
The Staged Review Process may be customized by combining review submissions and/or modifying the content of individual review submissions. Customizations of the Staged Review Process must be listed in the project's Scope of Services document.
Plans processed through the Staged Review Process should be thoroughly checked by the District to ensure compliance with current specifications, standards, policies and procedures.

Limited Review Process
The Limited Review Process may be applied to Path 1, Path 2, and Path 3 projects which have a welldefined scope, limited environmental impact and utility involvement. Except for the Feasibility Study and Final Right of Way plans, ODOT will not review the plans for accuracy and adherence to design and plan preparation requirements.
Although design activities associated with Stage 1 Detailed Design, Stage 2 Detailed Design, Stage 3 Detailed Design, and Preliminary Right of Way must be performed, their review submittals may be omitted. If no temporary or permanent right of way is to be acquired, the Final Right of Way Plan review submission may also be omitted.
External agency approvals (e.g. FAA Notification/Clearance, Waterway Permits, LD-33 County Engineer Approval, Railroad Agreements), and Central Office approvals (e.g. Design Exceptions, Maintenance of Traffic Exceptions Committee, and Waterway Permit determination) must be obtained.
The District must approve any minor design decisions that occur after the Feasibility Study. The designer must notify the District with the description of each alternative and an assessment of the impacts of each alternative on project cost, traffic operation, right of way cost, utility relocations, environmental impacts and any other associated impacts.
Below are typical design review submittals required by the Limited Review Process: • Project Initiation Package • Feasibility Study

• Final Right of Way
It is important to note that the Limited Review Process cannot be applied to projects requiring Federal oversight. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is responsible for ensuring that all federal-aid highway programs are delivered consistent with established requirements.

Design-Build Review Process
Design-Build projects combine the detailed design and construction of a project into a single contract. The design firm and construction contractor form a team. They work concurrently on the design and construction phases of a project, which expedites project delivery.
For Path 1 projects, the Design-Build team will submit Stage 3 Detailed Design plans (without quantities) for review and approval. Other reviews are not normally required.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 14-10 January 2020 For higher path projects, the Design-Build team will submit Stage 1 and Stage 2 Detailed Design for review and approval. The Design-Build team may design and submit Stage 1 and Stage 2 information in phases consisting of buildable units (i.e., earthwork, pavement replacement, etc.) for review. The scope and design shall be coordinated with the District and authorization must be granted prior to submitting various plan components for review.
All external agency approvals (e.g., FAA Notification/Clearance, Waterway Permits, LD-33 County Engineer Approval, Railroad Agreements) and Central Office approvals (e.g., Waterway Permit Determinations, Design Exceptions, Maintenance of Traffic Exceptions Committee) must be obtained.
Additional information on the Design-Build process can be found at the following link: http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/ConstructionMgt/design-build/Pages/Design_Build.aspx

Local-Let Local Public Agency (LPA) Project Review Process
LPA projects are transportation improvement or enhancement projects that are funded primarily with federal or state monies, and if required, matched with local resources. Traditional LPA projects are those administered by ODOT, whereas Local-let LPA projects are those in which the LPA assumes project administration duties.
To the extent practical and feasible, ODOT will minimize its direct involvement in the design and delivery of projects that are funded with local and federal monies, or local and state monies, which do not directly involve routes on the National Highway System. Local public agencies may voluntarily assume the responsibility for project management tasks as determined and in coordination with the ODOT District Office.
For these local-let LPA projects, review submittals shall be as detailed in the Locally Administered Transportation Projects Manual of Procedures. ODOT-Let LPA Projects will follow the Project Development Process.

Customization of Review Requirements
The PDP's phased approach allows for the customization of a project's review process. It allows for more flexibility between project phases and allows the Project Manager to tailor the process to meet the project's individual needs.
The Staged Review Process may be customized by adding review submissions, combining review submissions and/or modifying the content of individual review submissions. Customizations of the Staged Review Process must be listed in the project's scope of services document. These customizations should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis by ODOT personnel prior to scoping. During the scoping process, Consultants are encouraged to submit suggestions for modifications that allow for more effective use of resources, while still providing adequate evaluation of design and environmental issues.

Combined Reviews
Combined Review submissions are recommended for relatively straightforward projects. Elements from each involved submission must be included in the combined submission. It is not acceptable to disregard elements associated with earlier deliverables and focus only on elements from the later review when they are necessary in the evaluation of the combined review submission (e.g., Path 1 Preliminary Engineering) elements (e.g., Stage 1 Detailed Design).

Modifications to Design Review Content
It is possible to make modifications to design review content by changing the order in which activities occur in the Staged Review Process. For instance, the timing of a design activity may be modified allowing it to occur earlier, or later, by moving it to another phase in the project development process. This may be justified when particular activities add significant cost to a project's design as a result of performing the task on multiple alternatives. The postponement of activities to a later phase must not diminish the designer's ability to evaluate alternatives, or to adequately determine the project's scope, schedule, and budget. Conversely, review elements should be moved forward in the process when they can be obtained at relatively low costs and would add greatly to the designer's ability to evaluate alternatives or determine scope, schedule, and budget. For example, in order to identify the Preferred Alternative, a Path 3 project may require investigating a vertical profile during the development of the Feasibility Study, even though this task is listed under the Alternative Evaluation Report (AER) tasks. Alternatively, to avoid investigating structure details on alternatives which are eliminated, a Path 3 project considering multiple alignments for a stream crossing may delay the Structure Type Study until the AER.
There is a limitation on the modification of design review content. For instance, when federal funding is used for design work, the environmental document must be approved prior to the authorization of final design activities (i.e., Stage 3 Detailed Design) and/or any Right of Way acquisition.

Scheduling
Good scheduling helps a project to run smoothly and helps to ensure it is completed in a timely manner. When developing schedules, particular attention must be paid to items that fall on the critical path (e.g., Right of Way acquisition, utility relocation, individual 404/401 permits, etc.) and items that must be completed during a particular time of year (e.g., aerial mapping, ecological studies, etc.) In ODOT's Project Development Process, Gantt chart schedules are used to coordinate the various tasks associated with project development against time. Consultants are required to submit updated Gantt chart schedules each month which include baseline, actual, and current finish dates. The Project Manager must approve any modification to the schedule which alters commitment dates.
Projects which are behind schedule must include a recovery plan.

Review Agencies
With the exception of external agency coordination performed by the Office of Environmental Services, all review submissions must be coordinated by, and are the responsibility of, the District. This ensures consistency of review comments, scope compliance, and project intent.
Submissions may be reviewed by the District Office, Central Office, an external agency, a resource agency, or one contracted by ODOT for all (or part) of the submission. External reviews may be necessary based upon agreement (i.e., Memorandums of Understanding (MOU), Memorandums of Agreement (MOA)). The determination of an external review will be made during the design Scope of Services meeting.

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Ohio Department of Transportation
The District Project Manager is the first point of contact for all review questions. The Project Manager: • verifies required review information is submitted in accordance with the project schedule.
• ensures review comments are appropriately addressed.
• coordinates the appropriate and timely execution of reviews, not only within the District, but Central Office as well.

Technical Offices and Specialty Areas
Projects prepared by the District office may require a review by a technical office or specialty area. Figure 1402-1 lists ODOT Central Office Technical Specialty Areas. At the District's request, these offices/specialty sections will assist in the review of unique or complex items.

Central Office
Projects prepared by the District Office should be submitted by the Project Manager directly to each involved office, or technical specialty area, for review. Figure 1402-1 lists ODOT Central Office Technical Specialty Areas. Reviews must be conducted by someone other than the project designer.
For projects developed by a consultant, there are two methods for sending review submissions to Central Office: 1. Documents are submitted directly to each involved office or technical specialty area. The consultant should provide a copy of all transmittals to the Project Manager.
2. Multiple copies of the review documents are submitted to the Project Manager for distribution to each involved technical office and/or specialty area.
The consultant Scope of Services document should address which method of submission is desired by the District.

Federal Highway Administration
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is accountable for ensuring that all Federal-aid highway programs are delivered consistent with established requirements. The Federal-Aid Highway Program Stewardship and Oversight Agreement outlines the respective roles and responsibilities of ODOT and the FHWA in administering the federal-aid program. Figure 1402-8 outlines the Federal Oversight determination process.
At the time of programming, the District will determine the level of oversight required on a project and enter it into Ellis. On projects subject to federal oversight, the FHWA and ODOT should discuss which submissions should be sent to the FHWA. For federal oversight projects, a copy of all required review submittals must be furnished directly to the FHWA by the preparing agency, or local government. Due to fluctuations in workloads, the FHWA may request federal oversight on a project that would normally be State administered.

Railroads
When railroad property falls within the work limits of a proposed project, the possibility of railroad involvement exists. Rail companies must be informed at an early stage of plan development whenever their facilities may be affected in any manner. Some examples include; work on structures passing over a rail line, new grade separations, reconstruction or rehabilitation of existing grade separations, drainage work, removal of Right of Way encroachments, utility work, etc. In addition, projects with an intersection within the projects limits, located within 400 feet of an at-grade rail crossing, require coordination with the Ohio Rail Development Commission to determine the need for preemption.
All projects with rail involvement must be coordinated with the Central Ohio Railroad Coordinator who is responsible for preparing, and processing, all railroad construction agreements. The construction agreement process is initiated at Stage 1 and finalized at Stage 3. The District is required to send a copy of the final plans to the affected railroad company.
For projects involving of rail Right of Way, the involved rail company will be allowed an opportunity to comment on the Right of Way plans and legal descriptions associated with acquisition of their property. The Acquisition Support Section in the Office of Real Estate coordinates the acquisition of Right of Way from rail companies.

Design Review Submittals
Review submissions are designed to ensure that all projects are developed in accordance with ODOT standards and policies. The Project Manager is responsible for verifying that all required review information is submitted in accordance with the project's schedule, and that review comments are appropriately addressed. Information regarding the content requirements of each review submission can be found within the appropriate ODOT technical manuals and webpages (e.g., Waterway Permits Manual, Right of Way Plan Manual).

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General Requirements
Each review submission includes a list of design activities. Therefore, each project should be scheduled based on its required design activities and anticipated design development timeframes.
There may be instances where specific design recommendations may come from someone other than the engineer responsible for the overall project design. For example, a sub-consultant might prepare the Geotechnical Exploration Report whose recommendations are incorporated into the project's plans by the prime consultant. To ensure that their recommendations have been correctly interpreted and incorporated into the project's design, the sub-consultant should be given an opportunity to review the plans prior to their submission to ODOT.
Unless otherwise noted in the Scope of Services document, all review submissions should be sent to the District office. Multiple copies and direct submittals to Central Office and external agency reviewers may be required. Care should be taken to ensure that each submission includes all information required to process the review. Review submissions that lack required information, or contain inaccuracies which preclude meaningful review, will be rejected.
Since right of way acquisition is frequently on the critical path for overall project development, preliminary Right of Way plan preparation and Stage 2 Detailed Design should be developed concurrently. Final Right of Way plan development will normally occur immediately after preliminary Right of Way approval.
The following sections provide information for design review submission. No attempt has been made to either detail design standards or to provide guidance on how to evaluate any particular design component, or issue. Design standards are provided in the technical manuals and design policies listed in Figure 1402-1.

General
All submissions must include the following in the letter of transmittal: • Project identification: County, Route, Section (Street Name), PID number, Federal number or program (if known). • Identification of the type of review submission • Indication of any local government involvement along with any comments the local government may have regarding the submission • Explanation of any special items, situations, or potential problem areas • Disposition of previous review comments • A current cost estimate factored up to the year the project will be awarded and indicating reasons for any significant increase, or decrease in project cost • Identification of all plan sheets, reports, and other materials When both environmental and design documentation are required to complete a review, all documentation should be submitted at the same time. A sufficient number of copies of all submissions must be provided to allow for adequate review by all involved parties.

Format
The format and number of copies required for all submissions is determined during the design Scope of Services meeting(s). For plan sets, quarter size 11" x 17" sheets are usually preferred. Plan sets must be bound. Calculations, reports and other documentation should normally be submitted on 8

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 14-15 1/2" x 11" paper. Large size exhibits, or preliminary design work, may be needed for public involvement meetings. Multiple sets of documents may be required to facilitate the review.
Plan sheet image files shall be provided in PDF format. Text-based documents should be provided as searchable PDF files. With the exception of some local-let projects, plans shall be submitted in a PDF electronic image format in accordance with the requirements of the electronic image file submission procedures available on the Office of Contracts website.
The District may consider allowing electronic submittals in addition to, or as a replacement for, paper submittals. The number of paper or electronic copies required for a particular review should be addressed in the Scope of Services document and be based on previous project experience, existing inter-agency agreements, and/or information from the review agency.
All projects requiring submittal of CADD files shall be developed using Bentley or Autodesk products, in accordance with the ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables, CADD Engineering Standards Manual and the project's Scope of Services document. See Section 1503.1 for more information.
Some external agencies do not allow submission of electronic images. In instances where hard copy (i.e., paper) documents are required, the District Planning and Engineering Administrator will determine whether the hard copy document will be created by the District or by the consultant.

Engineers Seal
All final submissions must be sealed by a Registered Professional Engineer in accordance with the Ohio Revised Code Sections 4733.14, 4733.17, and 4733.23. This includes not just final plan sets, but also Access Point Request documents and Design Exceptions. If an Engineer has been hired to prepare plans through the Final Plan Package Submittal, then only the final plans and supporting documentation must be sealed.
Situations may occur where the detailed design will not be developed by the same engineer, or design firm, who prepared the preliminary engineering. In this case, the detailed design Engineers may rely on the preliminary development completed and sealed by the preliminary engineering consultant as the basis for their design. This information should be noted on the Title Sheet of the plans.

Project Initiation Package
Developed and approved by the District, the Project Initiation Package (PIP) is a collection of information used to help define the necessary scope of work for a project. The PIP is produced early in the Planning Phase (PL) and is required for projects following Paths 2-5 of the PDP. Although is it unlikely that a project following Path 1 will require a PIP, it is possible that some technical and/or resource areas may need to be considered for some projects. In those cases, it is recommended that the PIP be utilized to document any issues. The PIP uses secondary source data and is intended to provide a snapshot of potential issues and concerns that could cause major scope, schedule, or cost issues during project development. Specific points of concern are those which could cause revisions to any of the following: anticipated design and construction scope of work, proposed project development schedule, estimated project budget, or potential impacts of the project on the surrounding area.
Identification of areas of concern must be performed by qualified individuals with experience on similar projects. The PIP is generally prepared based on reasonable knowledge available at the time of project development. Existing data (e.g., old plans, USGS maps, Soil Conservation Maps) should be researched.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 14-16 January 2020 In addition, the Project Initiation Package should include mapping overlaid on USGS or Aerial maps that identify environmental resources, and other areas of concern. A minimum of one site visit by qualified personnel to review the existing field conditions is mandatory.

Stage 1 Detailed Design Activities
Since each project is unique, Project Managers have the flexibility to determine which activities are necessary based on the project's scope. Therefore, there is no one-size-fits-all when it comes to the tasks necessary to complete a project's design.
Following are activities are typically part of a Stage 1 Detailed Design: •

Stage 1 Detailed Design Review Submission
After Stage 1 Detailed Design is finalized for a preferred alternative, the project can be moved into the next phase of project development. The Stage 1 Detailed Design must be submitted to the District for review and approval.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 14-18 January 2020 Although each project is unique, there are certain key elements which are a part of the Stage 1 Detailed Design Review Submission: •

General
Preliminary Right of Way Plans are required for all projects that involve acquisition of temporary or permanent Right of Way, and should be prepared in accordance with the Right of Way Plan Manual, Section 3100. They provide information to define the extent of the right of way required to construct and maintain a highway.
Since acquisition of property can be a long process that in many cases dictates the overall schedule of a project prior to construction, preliminary right of way plans should be developed concurrently with Stage 2 detailed design. They should incorporate all Stage 2 review comments related to right of way issues.

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Preliminary Right of Way Plan Tasks
For a complete listing of tasks of which should be completed during the development of the Preliminary Right of Way Plan, consult the SAFe Task List.
Refer to the Office of Real Estate, Right-of-Way Manual, Section 3100 Right of Way Plan Manual, for details regarding Preliminary Right of Way Plan development.

Preliminary Right of Way Plan Review Submission
The following documents are required as part of the Preliminary Right of Way Plan Review Submission: •

Stage 2 Detailed Design Activities
The following is a list of typical Stage 2 Detailed Design activities: •  It is recommended that a second Stage 3 Detailed Design review be conducted if more than two years have elapsed since the first Stage 3 Detailed Design Review, and the Final Plan Package has not been submitted to Central Office. The purpose of this review is to ensure that the plans reflect current field conditions, as well as all current design standards, policies, and specifications.

Stage 3 Detailed Design Activities
The preparation of a Stage 3 Detailed Design typically involves the following activities: • Refer to ODOT's Scope and Fee (SAFe) task list for a complete list of the activities required to complete the Stage 3 Detailed Design.

Stage 3 Detailed Design Review Submission
Although not an all-inclusive list, the Stage 3 Detailed Design Review Submission should include:

Introduction
The purpose of an Airway/Highway Clearance Analysis is to determine if a proposed project will encroach into the theoretical approach, or traverse surfaces, of an airport or heliport. When a project is identified as being within 20,000 feet of a public-use or military airport, or heliport, an analysis must be performed to determine if FAA notification is required. The initial determination whether or not a project is within the 20,000-foot distance is to be made at the time of programming, and it should be so noted on the programming forms and in ODOT's project management system.
The Airway/Highway Clearance Analysis procedures contained in this manual are based on the "Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 77 -Objects Affecting Navigable Airspace." Information on the location of airports and lengths of runways may be obtained from the "Ohio Airport Directory," as published by the Ohio Department of Transportation, Office of Aviation.

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Notification Surfaces
The following conditions need to be examined to determine if notification is required.
• Any construction or alterations of more than 200 feet in height above ground level.
• Any construction or alteration of greater height than an imaginary surface extending outward and upward at the following slopes: o 100:1, for horizontal distance of 20,000 feet from the nearest point of the nearest runway, for any airport with at least one runway with a length of more than 3,200 feet, excluding heliports. o 50:1, for a horizontal distance of 10,000 feet from the nearest point of the nearest runway, for any airport where the length of the longest runway does not exceed 3,200 feet, excluding heliports. o 25:1, for a horizontal distance of 5,000 feet from the nearest point of the nearest landing and takeoff area, for a heliport.
See Figure 1404-1 for a graphical depiction of these surfaces.

Traverse Way Adjustments
In determining whether any roadway or other traverse way (e.g., railroad, waterway, bikeway, etc.) will violate the limits described in the previous section, it is necessary to include an additional upward height above the traverse way elevation for vehicles that might travel on the facility. The adjustments are as follows: • 17 feet for Interstate highways, other freeways, and expressways • 15 feet for all other public roadways and commercial driveways • 10 feet for all private roads and driveways • 23 feet for railroads • an amount equal to the height of the highest mobile object that would normally traverse the facility, for a waterway or for any other traverse way not previously mentioned This additional height must be considered to apply over the full width of the traveled portion and the shoulders of the roadway. Figure 1404-1 includes examples of several traverse way adjustments.

Exceptions to Notification Requirements
FAA notification is not required where one or more of the following applies to the object penetrating the notification surface: • the object is shielded by existing structures of a permanent and substantial character or by natural terrain or topographic features, of equal or greater height • the object is located in the congested area of a city, town, or settlement, where it is evident beyond all reasonable doubt that there could be no adverse effect on safe air navigation • the object is an antenna of 20 feet or less in height, except one that would increase the height of another antenna structure

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Temporary Structures and Construction Equipment
It is possible that a project located within 20,000 feet of an airport will not require FAA notification for permanent features but will require notification for temporary structures or construction equipment. Figure 1404-3 contains height allowances for equipment or structures associated with various types of construction. These allowances should be used to determine if the notification surface will be penetrated. For short projects (100 feet or less in length), any applicable heights should be considered to apply over the entire length of the project.
Judgment must be used when applying these heights to longer projects. For example, the allowance for equipment used to construct a bridge would only be needed in the vicinity of the bridge; however, the allowance for earth moving and paving equipment should be applied over the entire length. When any doubt exists, consult the Office of Aviation.

Controlled Areas
Figure 1404-4 displays cross-sectional and profile views of imaginary surfaces that exist above the notification surface. Figure 1404-5 depicts an area at the end of a runway called the Runway Protection Zone (RPZ). Figure 1404-6 contains dimensions defining the sizes of RPZ's for different facilities. Projects should be designed so that these controlled areas are not penetrated by any features, as the FAA will not normally permit violations.

FAA Notification/Clearance Procedures
Whenever a project is located within 20,000 feet of a public-use or military airport or heliport, an Airway/Highway Clearance Analysis must be performed. Documentation which provides the information contained in Figure 1404-7 must be supplied. The District will use this information to complete FAA Form 7460-1. The FAA requires the use of English units.
The District will submit the following information to the FAA for approval: • Two completed FAA Form 7460-1's. One form is for the proposed project and the other form is for the construction equipment and/or temporary structures. • Latitude, longitude (NAD), and elevation (above mean sea level) of the following points: o For short bridge projects, 100 feet or less in length: i.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 14-26 January 2020 Instructions on how to file the 7460-1 form with the FAA can be found on the Office of Aviation's website at: http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/Operations/Aviation/Pages/FAAandStateNotificationRequire ments.aspx When approval (or comments) is received from the FAA, the District Production Administrator will retain the original correspondence and distribute copies to the Office of Aviation and the FHWA (for federal oversight projects only). Submit FAA approvals to the Office of Aviation electronically at the following web address: Ohio.Airport.Protection@dot.state.oh.us FAA comments will generally relate to certification of the coordinates submitted or the submission of Form 7460-2, Supplemental Notice. The FAA may also request that a light pole, or other similarly tall structure, be visibly marked or possibly reduced in height.
Approvals are valid for a period of eighteen (18) months. The District will monitor project status (sale date) relative to the approval expiration date and submit a request for extension to the FAA at least two (2) weeks prior to the expiration date.
When construction equipment is expected to penetrate the notification surface of a public-use or military airport or heliport, note G118A should be added to the plans. When construction equipment is not expected to penetrate the notification surface, but the project is within the influence area of a public-use or military airport or heliport, note G118B should be used.

Private Facilities
An Airway/Highway Clearance Analysis is required for private airports and heliports. The notification surfaces detailed in Section 1404.1.2 -Notification Surfaces shall apply to both public and private facilities. If there are any penetrations into the notification surfaces that impact a private facility, coordination with the private owner, and the Office of Aviation, shall be made and note G118C should be added to the plans. Coordination with the FAA is not required.

Retaining Wall Justification
A Retaining Wall Justification compares the impacts and costs (both right-of-way and construction) of the project with and without retaining walls. Estimated right-of-way costs are to be provided or verified by the Office of Real Estate.
A Retaining Wall Justification should include: • Plan sheets showing wall and no-wall alternatives, including: o Approximate construction limits o Right of Way parcels affected • Cross sections showing wall and no-wall alternatives.
• Economic analysis comparing right of way and construction costs, with and without the wall.
• Discussion of environmental impacts with and without the wall (optional).

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Service Road Justification Study
Service roads (sometimes called access or frontage roads) are used to: reduce the number of existing access points, connect roads cut off by highway relocation, and to provide access to parcels that would otherwise be landlocked by a highway relocation. The decision to use a service road to decrease the number of existing access points is usually made for safety or capacity reasons, although in some cases it could be based on economics. Using a service road to connect roads cut off by a relocation is done primarily to provide needed traffic circulation. Providing access via a service road to otherwise landlocked parcels is primarily an economic decision. Maintenance of service roads by the State is not desirable because, in many cases, these facilities are not readily accessible from a state highway. It is therefore necessary that a statement of acceptance of routine maintenance by a local government agency be obtained.

Pedestrian Overpass Justification
A Pedestrian Overpass Justification compares the impacts and costs of a project with and without a pedestrian overpass. A statement of acceptance by a local government agency assuming responsibility for all routine maintenance of the structure and approaches must be obtained. Routine maintenance includes: clearing debris from the deck, sweeping, snow and ice removal, minor wearing surface patching, clearing bridge drainage systems, marking decks for traffic control, minor and emergency repairs to railing and appurtenances, emergency patching of deck and maintenance of traffic signal and lighting systems, including the supply of electrical power. For information on Pedestrian Overpasses, refer to Location and Design Manual, Volume 1, Section 306.5.

Value Engineering (VE) Studies
Value Engineering (VE) is a systematic analysis by a multi-discipline team which identifies the functions of a project, establishes the worth of that function, generates alternatives through the use of creative thinking, and identifies ways to provide the needed functions at the lowest overall cost, without sacrificing safety, quality, and the environmental attributes of the project.
The Department requires that Value Engineering studies be performed on federally funded projects meeting the following criteria: • All projects on the federal-aid system with an estimated total cost in excess of fifty (50) million dollars (including design, right of way, and construction) • All bridge projects located on the federal-aid system with an estimated cost in excess of forty (40) million dollars (including design, right of way, and construction) • Any other project selected by FHWA Appropriate timing of VE studies will ensure that there is sufficient information to analyze during the Value Engineering Session and that accepted recommendations can be successfully implemented without impeding the overall project development schedule.

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Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 14-28 January 2020 It is the District's responsibility to review projects currently programmed in the Planning, Preliminary

Constructability Review
The intent of a Constructability Review is to check the plans for potential construction strategies, techniques and logistical issues. It is an evaluation of the project plans, sometimes supplemented by a site visit conducted by an individual familiar with construction techniques, to evaluate construction means and methods. The Constructability Review also checks construction durations, and alternative designs. It identifies labor and material availability, access for large equipment, project phasing, and the conceptual maintenance of traffic.
The Project Manager will determine if a Constructability Review will be conducted concurrent with the Preliminary Engineering Phase.
To ensure an independent evaluation, constructability reviews should not be conducted by the design    Airway/Highway Clearance Analysis County-Route-Section PID: Dear Mr. /Ms. : We have reviewed the above mentioned project and have determined that the project (will/will not) not encroach into the (X:1) notification surface. This determination is based on an airport elevation of (A) feet, a project elevation of (B) feet, with a distance of (C) feet between the airport and the project locations. The attached diagram will provide a detailed analysis of the study. The study has also determined that a height of (Z) feet exists between the (X:1) notification surface and the project. Therefore, based on this height and the heights from Figure 1404-3, plan note [G119A: Use note G119A when the construction equipment penetrates the notification surface of a public use airport or heliport; G119B: Use note G119B when the construction equipment does not penetrate the notification surface of a public airport or heliport; or G119C: Use note G119C when the construction equipment penetrates the notification surface of a private use airport.] (will/will not) be required.

Introduction
There are several actions that are required to complete the processing of a highway construction plan. Section 1500 includes a discussion of these related actions.

Documentation of Environmental Commitments
Environmental commitments are any agreed upon actions to mitigate (i.e., restore, enhance, avoid, minimize, and/or replace) impacts to the human environment. ODOT must document environmental comments to ensure follow-through of commitments made to stakeholders. Environmental Commitments are the link between the Environmental (EE) phase of the project and the Final Engineering/Right-ofway (FE/RW) and Construction (CO) phases of the Project Development Process (PDP), and become part of the environmental document.
To ensure environmental commitments are carried out appropriately, an Environmental Consultation Form (ECF) is to be completed, signed by the District Environmental Coordinator, and submitted with the Plan Package to ODOT's Office of Contracts. The District Environmental Coordinator will communicate all applicable environmental commitments to designers. Environmental commitments must be incorporated into a plan's design and/or plan notes so that they can be implemented during construction.
For more information, contact the Office of Environmental Services or see the Office of Environmental Services' Environmental Commitments Guidance.

CADD Software Requirements
All projects requiring submittal of CADD files shall be developed using Bentley or Autodesk products, in accordance with the CADD Engineering Standards Manual, the Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables, and the project's scope of services. Although ODOT will accept CADD files developed using Autodesk software, no support, standards, documentation, or guidance of any kind with respect to design and delivery using Autodesk tools will be provided. For more information, see the ODOT CADD Engineering Standards Manual, Section 101.

CADD File Requirements
Unlike electronic image files (i.e. PDF images) that are part of the contract documents, CADD files (i.e., basemap files) provided to contractors are for reference purposes only. In the event that there is a conflict between the CADD files and the bidding documents, the bidding documents shall take precedence.
CADD files, and a Project Index File, shall be provided in accordance with the requirements for Electronic Submittals described in the ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables, located on the Office of CADD and Mapping Services website, and included in the Final Plan Package submittal.

Typical Requirements for Projects Following Path 1 of the Project Development Process (PDP)
For projects scoped to Path 1 of the PDP, the following files are typically required for reference purposes only: ➢ Existing Plans (Roadway and Bridge) ➢ Designer Office Calculations (such as Pavement, Earthwork, and Structure Quantities) ➢ Final Geotechnical Report Most Path 1 projects are simple transportation improvements generated by traditional maintenance and preventative maintenance. They may involve structure or roadway resurfacing and have no right-of-way or utility impacts. However, there are some projects which require more detail in their design than a "typical" Path 1 project but still meet the criteria of a Path 1 project. For these projects, electronic design files (i.e., .gpk, triangle model, ASCII text files, etc.), if generated, shall be submitted with the project's Plan Package. For example, on projects requiring a Project Site Plan, electronic design files generated during the project's design are required in the final plan submission. These files will be made available to contractors during ODOT's construction contract bidding process.
Information to be made available to bidders should be determined, and documented, in the project's Scope of Services document.
For more detailed information on electronic files required to be submitted with the Final Plan Submission, see the ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables.

Typical Requirements for Projects Following Paths 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Project Development Process (PDP)
The PDP provides Project Managers with the flexibility to tailor the requirements of a project to meet its individual needs. Therefore, the requirements for each project are based upon the path it is following. Electronic Files (i.e., CADD files, alignment files, basemap files, etc.) shall be in accordance with the requirements for electronic submittals described in the ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables. Contact the Office of CADD and Mapping Services, CADD Services section with questions.
Although not all-inclusive, following is a listing of files which, if available, shall be made available to bidders: ➢ ASCII text file(s) listing: ▪ Chain data for existing and proposed horizontal alignments; including the centerline of construction, centerline of right-of-way, and ramp baselines ▪ Vertical alignment data for existing and proposed profiles ▪ Northing, easting, station, offset and elevation, for all monuments to be used during construction The ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables, provides specific requirements for the content of the required ASCII reports and provides directions on how to create them using GEOPAK software.
➢ LandXML files for: ▪ The existing ground triangle model (.tin file) ▪ All existing and proposed horizontal alignments and vertical profiles The ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables, provides direction on how to create these reports directly from GEOPAK software.
➢ Files for reference purposes only: • Existing Plans (Roadway and Bridge) • Designer Office Calculations (such as Pavement, Earthwork, and Structure Quantities) • Final Geotechnical Report(s) Other files may be required at the District's discretion, but this should be documented in the project's scope.
➢ Proposed Digital Terrain Models (DTM): All proposed surfaces, if created, shall be submitted in LandXML format. The native format used to generate the surfaces is also required. For projects using Bentley GEOPAK and which cannot create LandXML for proposed conditions, a ".GEN" file shall be submitted. This file shall be submitted with the project's Final Plan Package.
Chapter 4.3 of the ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables provides specific guidance on how to generate a .GEN file.
The District Planning and Engineering Administrator may elect to waive all, or a portion, of the CADD file requirements (except for the submittal of existing plans and designer office calculations) for projects that have less than 1.0 (one) acre of earth disturbed area. Waiver of these requirements shall be noted in the Scope of Services document.
Since each project is unique, Information to be made available to bidders should be determined, and documented, in the project's Scope of Services document.

Section 1500 Plan Related Actions
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 January 2020 15-5

Submission of Files to the District
CADD and electronic image files shall be supplied to ODOT via CD, DVD, or other media as approved by the District, pursuant to the project Scope of Services document.
For detailed information on the electronic files required to be submitted to ODOT, see the ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables.

Submission of Files to Central Office
The plan package for a project is to be submitted in accordance with the schedule prepared by Central Office and the Districts. The plan package must include documentation confirming that the project is eligible and ready to be advertised for bids.

General
When a design agency other than ODOT prepares the construction plans, the final plan shall be submitted to the District Office. The final plan submittal shall include information described in the sections which follow.

Projects Administered by ODOT
Pursuant to the requirements of the project's Scope of Services document, below are items and information the final plan submission should contain: ➢ Completed Right-of-Way plans and final construction plans, including soil profile sheets in an electronic image file format (i.e., PDF images). Electronic image files shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of the ODOT Guidelines for Electronic Design Deliverables, and the PDF Submission Procedure available on the Office of Contracts website.

Sample Plan Notes
Location and Design Manual, Volume 3 -Appendix B B22 July 2019 Designer's Note: Use this note when there are known archaeological sites, or historically significant properties, on a project that will be protected as a result of a formal agreement between ODOT and the Ohio Historic Preservation Office.